The objective of this study is to investigate the dose-response effect of allulose on diet-induced thermogenesis, substrate oxidation, glycemic response, and subjective appetite in healthy normal weight adults.
A within-subject, repeated measures, randomized, repeated measures design will be used. Participants (n= 10, 5 males, 5 females) will consume, in a random order, one of three varying doses of test treatments (allulose (5g), allulose (10g) or allulose (20g)) on 3 separate days. After treatment consumption, energy expenditure measurements via indirect calorimetry will be collected in 30-min interval (30-min measurement, 30-min rest) for 3 hours. Blood glucose will be measured at baseline and continuously for 3 hours via the Dexcom G6 continuous glucose monitoring system. Subjective appetite (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective food consumption) will be measured via visual analogue scales at baseline and at the end of each energy expenditure measurement interval over 3 hours.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
11
5 gram consumed orally
10 gram consumed orally
20 gram consumed orally
Centre for Urban Innovation (CUI-109)
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Diet-induced thermogenesis
Before treatment consumption, participants will be rested in a supine position for 30 min to reach a steady resting state in an isolated, dimly lit room under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Resting energy expenditure (REE) will be determined by indirect calorimetry (ParvoMedics TrueOne2400 automated metabolic gas analysis system, ParvoMedics, Sandy, UT, USA) under a ventilated hood for 30 min. Post-treatment consumption, respiratory gases will be measured in 30 min intervals for 3 hours under the ventilated hood using the indirect calorimeter, with a 30 min rest break between measurements. Diet-induced thermogenesis (kcal/h) will be calculated as the increase in energy expenditure above baseline REE over the duration of the measurements.
Time frame: Collected at baseline (before treatment consumption) and 30-min intervals for 3 hours post-treatment consumption.
Substrate oxidation
During the assessment of diet-induced thermogenesis via indirect calorimetry, respiratory exchange ratio will be monitored to assess the effects on substrate utilization. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates for each hourly interval will be calculated using average VO2 and VCO2 measurements.
Time frame: Collected at baseline (before treatment consumption) and 30-min intervals for 3 hours post-treatment consumption.
Glycemic response
Blood glucose concentrations will be collected using the Dexcom Continuous Glucose Monitoring system, which collects glucose measurements from the interstitial fluid. The sensor will provide blood glucose data every five minutes which will be used to evaluate glycemic response over the duration of each session. Continuous glucose monitors will be inserted by the participants on their abdomen following the manufacturer instructions and with the assistance of a trained research assistant.
Time frame: Collected at baseline (before treatment consumption) and 5-min intervals for 3 hours post-treatment consumption.
Subjective appetite
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Measured using visual analogue scales (VAS). Each VAS is a 100 mm line where they will place a pencil mark to describe their feelings. Questions will include desire to eat, fullness, hunger, and prospective food consumption. Individual questions will be used to form a composite score.
Time frame: Collected at baseline (before treatment consumption) and 30 min intervals for 3 hours post-treatment consumption.