Development of an Atlas of Respiratory Host-microbiome Interactions in Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female. * Age from 18 to 70. * Indication for scheduled general anesthesia with orotracheal intubation for non-thoracic, non-carcinological, non-septic surgical procedures such as prosthesis (knee or hip), spinal surgery, digestive hernia surgery, gall bladder surgery, maxillofacial surgery (non-exhaustive list). * Membership of a social security scheme or beneficiary of such a scheme. * Written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Persons under guardianship or trusteeship. * Pregnant or breast-feeding woman. * Antibiotic treatment received within 28 days prior to surgery, regardless of the site of infection. * Acute respiratory pathology within the last 28 days (pneumothorax, bronchitis or pneumonia including Covid). * History of chronic respiratory disease (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, lung cancer, cystic fibrosis, etc.). * Immunosuppression (cancer active or within the last 5 years, HIV, radio-chemotherapy within the last year, organ transplant). * Chronic inflammatory disease (digestive, osteoarticular, neurological or cutaneous) requiring or having required specific treatment in the last 12 months. * Type I or II diabetes. * Steroid treatment within the last 30 days (regardless of dose or duration).