Forward head posture (FHP) is defined as the position in which the head is in front of the shoulder and is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems caused by the increasing use of computers and smartphones. Posture analysis, pulmonary function test, respiratory muscle strength and endurance assessment, and performance test will be performed as the initial evaluation for those who meet the inclusion criteria and volunteer to participate in the study. Participants with a craniovertebral angle of 50 degrees and less than 50 degrees will be included in the head forward posture (FHP, n=34) group, and participants with an angle of more than 50 degrees will be included in the control group (CG, n=34).Participants with HFP will be randomly divided into two groups as study (FHP-S, n=17) and control (FHP-C, n=17). An inspiratory muscle strength training program will be applied to the FHP-C group for 7 days/6 weeks. All assessments performed before the training will be repeated after 6 weeks of inspiratory muscle strength training. No inspiratory muscle strength training will be applied to the FHP-C group. Participants in the CG group will not undergo any additional assessment or training.
Forward head posture (FHP) is defined as the position in which the head is in front of the shoulder and is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems caused by the increasing use of computers and smartphones. Posture analysis, pulmonary function test, respiratory muscle strength and endurance assessment, and performance test will be performed as the initial evaluation for those who meet the inclusion criteria and volunteer to participate in the study. Participants with a craniovertebral angle of 50 degrees and less than 50 degrees will be included in the head forward posture (FHP, n=34) group, and participants with an angle of more than 50 degrees will be included in the control group (CG, n=34).Participants with HFP will be randomly divided into two groups as study (FHP-S, n=17) and control (FHP-C, n=17). An inspiratory muscle strength training program will be applied to the FHP-C group for 7 days/6 weeks. All assessments performed before the training will be repeated after 6 weeks of inspiratory muscle strength training. No inspiratory muscle strength training will be applied to the FHP-C group. Participants in the CG group will not undergo any additional assessment or training.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
80
Inspiratory muscle strength training program will be applied to the FHP-C group for 7 days/6 weeks.
Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi
Niğde, Niğde Province, Turkey (Türkiye)
Craniovertebral angle
Where a line drawn from the tragus of the ear to the C7 vertebra intersects a horizontal line, the CV angle is formed.
Time frame: Baseline
Sagittal head tilt
This angle, which is formed between a line from the canthus of the eye and the tragus of the ear and the horizontal, is a measure of the posture of the upper cervical spine.
Time frame: Baseline
Sagittal shoulder-C7 angle
Where a horizontal line passing through the lateral shoulder meets the line drawn from C7 to the lateral shoulder, the point of intersection forms the sagittal shoulder-C7 angle
Time frame: Baseline
Kyphosis angle measurement
The spinous processes of C7 and T12 vertebrae will be marked by a marker (reflector). Extensions of these reflectors will be taken and perpendicular lines will be drawn to these extensions. The angle formed by the intersection of the perpendicular lines will be measured as the thoracic kyphosis angle
Time frame: Baseline
Pulmonary Function Tests- FEV1/FVC
Evaluation of FEV1/FVC ratio MicroQuark® computer-based USB spirometer will be used to assess the respiratory function of the participants. The person will be asked to take a few normal breaths followed by as deep a breath as possible and instructed to exhale forcefully and quickly without waiting. The test will be terminated by instructing the participant to take a deep breath after exhaling for at least six seconds.
Time frame: Baseline
Pulmonary Function Tests- FVC
Evaluation of Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) MicroQuark® computer-based USB spirometer will be used for FVC evaluation. The person will be asked to take a few normal breaths, then take as deep a breath as possible, and then exhale forcefully and quickly without waiting. The test will be terminated by instructing the participant to take a deep breath after exhaling for at least six seconds.
Time frame: Baseline
Pulmonary Function Tests- FEV1
Evaluation of Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) MicroQuark® computer-based USB spirometer will be used for FEV1 evaluation. The person will be asked to take a few normal breaths, then take as deep a breath as possible, and then exhale forcefully and quickly without waiting. The test will be terminated by instructing the participant to take a deep breath after exhaling for at least six seconds.
Time frame: Baseline
Pulmonary Function Tests- PEF
Evaluation of Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) MicroQuark® computer-based USB spirometer will be used for PEF evaluation. The person will be asked to take a few normal breaths, then take as deep a breath as possible, and then exhale forcefully and quickly without waiting. The test will be terminated by instructing the participant to take a deep breath after exhaling for at least six seconds.
Time frame: Baseline
Pulmonary Function Tests- MVV
Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) MicroQuark® computer-based USB spirometer will be used for MVV evaluation. Then the participant will take the disposable bacteria filter mouthpiece between his lips and holds it tightly. The person will be asked to deeply and rapidly breaths for 10 to 15 seconds.
Time frame: Baseline
Respiratory Muscle Strength
During the measurements, the nose of the individual participating in the study will be covered with a nose clip. During the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) measurement, the participants will be asked to inspire quickly and deeply with maximum effort after maximum expiration. For maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), the participant will be asked to expire quickly and deeply after maximum inspiration.
Time frame: Baseline
Sport performance
Subjects run back and forth on a 20 m course and must touch the 20 m line; at the same time a sound signal is emitted from a prerecorded tape. Frequency of the sound signals is increased 0.5 km h-1 each minute from a starting speed of 8.5 km h-1. When the subject can no longer follow the pace, the test is stopped.
Time frame: Baseline
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