The goal of this observational study is to learn about pathogenesis and clinical prognosis of CNS IIDD in the Chinese population and to provide evidence-based clues for clinical treatment decisions. The main questions it aims to answer are: Question 1: Clarify the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of various diseases (MS, NMOSD, MOGAD, etc.) within IIDD in the Chinese population. Question 2: Analyze the relationship between biomarkers and the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of CNS IIDD cases in our hospital. Participants will 1. Receive the recommended diagnosis and treatment plans from current international and national guidelines or expert consensus, without additional special interventions. 2. Receive clinical evaluation, follow-up, and management from dedicated neuroimmunology specialists.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
450
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
RECRUITINGRelapse
Must meet the following criteria：① Appearance of new symptoms or worsening of existing symptoms;② Symptoms attributed to CNS IIDD;③ Duration ≥24 hours;④ Increase in clinical scores (e.g., EDSS);⑤ Imaging or electrophysiological tests clearly showing new responsible lesions.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 5 years
Long-term neurological function
Assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)，EDSS score ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating a normal healthy state, 10 indicating death, and higher scores reflecting more severe disability.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 5 years
Long-term neurological function
Assessed using the Optic Spinal Impairment Scale (OSIS) and its sub-scores, OSIS score ranges from 0 to 25, and higher scores reflect more severe disability. OSIS sub-score ranges from 0 to 5-8, and higher scores reflect more severe in each component assessment.
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
Sub-scores of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)
EDSS sub-score ranges from 0 to 5 or 6, with 0 indicating a normal healthy state, higher scores indicating worse neurological functions.
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the eyes: retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, macular thickness
The thickness is measured by machines by milimetres
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
Changes in humoral immune markers
The levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), soluble GFAP, soluble TREM2, and other potential biomarkers are measured in g/ml.
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
Changes in pathogenic antibody titers
Titers of antibodies for MOG, AQP4, MBP, and AFO in iu/l
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
P100 amplitude of visual evoked potentials
Amplitude in volts
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
P100 latency of visual evoked potentials
Latency in seconds
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
Latency of somatosensory evoked potentials;
Latency in seconds
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
Latency of brainstem auditory evoked potentials;
Latency in seconds
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
Amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials;
Amplitude in volts
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
Amplitude of brainstem auditory evoked potentials;
Amplitude in volts
Time frame: Baseline, six months, one year, two years, and average three years
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