This randomized clinical trial study compares high-load eccentric training (HL-Et), sham LL-BFRt, and low-load blood flow restriction (LL-BFRt) in sportsmen. The primary inquiries it seeks to address are: Is LL-BFR superior to HL-Et and sham LL-BFRt in terms of improving muscle morphology? Is LL-BFR a more effective Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and ACL injury preventive than HL-Et and sham LL-BFRt? The three intervention groups that will be randomly assigned to participants are LL-BFRt, sham LL-BFRt, and HL-Et. Participants are expected to carry out: Participants in LL-BFRt will be required to perform LL eccentric training at 30% of their repetition maximum (RM) and 70% of their artery occlusion pressure (AOP). This training will include stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift. Participants in HL-Et will be required to perform LL eccentric training at 70% of their maximum number of repetitions (RM). In order to determine whether muscular morphology and the prevention of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and ACL injury improve following the interventions and follow-up, researchers will compare LL-BFRt, sham LL-BFRt, and HL-Et.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
75
The participants' two legs will be subjected to 70% arterial occlusion pressure when the physical therapist applies the BFR cuffs. After that, participants will be required to complete eccentric exercises with a maximum repetition count of 30%, such as stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift.
The participants' two legs will be subjected to 10% arterial occlusion pressure when the physical therapist applies the BFR cuffs. After that, participants will be required to complete eccentric exercises with a maximum repetition count of 30%, such as stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift.
The physical therapist will instruct the participants to complete eccentric exercises at a maximum of 70% repetitions, such as stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift.
Physical therapy laboratory, College of Medicine, Universitas Udayana and ROM Physiotherapy Private Clinic Denpasar
Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
RECRUITINGMuscle cross-sectional area
Using a musculoskeletal ultrasonography, researchers will determine the cross-sectional area of vastus medial obliques muscle and peroneus longus muscle.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Vastus medial obliques fiber angle
Using a musculoskeletal ultrasonography, researchers will determine the vastus medial obliques fiber angle.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Patella position
Using a musculoskeletal ultrasonography, researchers will determine the patella position.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Incidence of patellofemoral pain syndrome
Researchers will determine the incidence of patellofemoral pain syndrome with the physical examination of grind test.
Time frame: 1 year
Incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury
Researchers will determine the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury with the physical examination of Lachman's test.
Time frame: 1 year
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