Cryoablation with or Without Serplulimab in Treating Patients with Stage I-IIA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Pathologically diagnosed as primary peripheral non-small cell lung cancer, preoperative staging suggested stage Ia, Ib, or IIa (size≤5 cm, T1-T2N0M0), according to the 9th edition of the TNM classification for lung cancer; 2. Negative driver gene mutation: driver genes were defined as EGFR, ALK, etc; 3. Age ≥18 years old; 4. The ECOG PS score is 0-2; 5. Expected survival ≥3 months; 6. Patients who are considered high-risk for surgery/radiotherapy or refuse surgery/radiotherapy based on multidisciplinary evaluation; 7. Patients who have not received previous immunotherapy with PD-1, PD-L1 or CTLA-4 antibodies; 8. All patients must agree to receive cryoablation (with or without Serplulimab) as an initial therapy and sign a study-specific consent form. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with poor cardiopulmonary function or other comorbidities who cannot tolerate multimode thermal therapy; 2. Patients whose chest CT indicated that the lung lesions could not be reached percutaneously or transbronchially; 3. Severe liver and kidney function and coagulation function abnormalities, platelet count \<70×109/L; 4. Patients who have received other anti-tumor drugs in the past 6 months or have used immune checkpoint inhibitors before; 5. The patient has an uncontrolled disease (including but not limited to active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina, arrhythmia, mental illness, etc.); 6. Primary immune deficiency or autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.); 7. Pregnant and lactating women; 8. Long-term use of steroid; 9. Other circumstances considered inappropriate for participation in this study.