Literature reviews showed the cognitive-motor training that combines cognitive tasks may enhance cognitive functions more effectively than individual interventions. Stepping-based cognitive-motor training has been shown to improve cognitive functions, balance, and gait performance in older adults. However, there is insufficient research evidence on the impact and correlation of this training mode on the walking ability, executive functions, and brain activity changes in people with PD. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the effects of stepping-based cognitive-motor training on the walking ability, executive functions, and brain activity in people with PD.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
50
Cognitive-motor training is that cognitive tasks incorporated into motor tasks.
Conventional physiotherapy includes stretching, ROM exercise, strengthening exercise, and eye-hand coordination.
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Taipei, Taiwan
RECRUITINGGait variability
Using GAITRite system to measure the coefficient of variation (CV). The mean and standard deviation will be used to calculate the coefficient of variation (CV). CV = standard deviation / mean \* 100%
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Gait speed
Using GAITRite system to measure gait speed
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Step length
Using GAITRite system to measure step length
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Step width
Using GAITRite system to measure step width
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Single support time
Using GAITRite system to measure single support time
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Double support time
Using GAITRite system to measure double support time
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Frontal Assessment Battery
The score ranged from 0 to 18. Higher scores show better executive function.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Stroop color and word test
Record numbers of corrected color words which the subject responds within 45 sec.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Digit span test
Digit span test contain forward and backward part. Scores of forward digit span ranges from 0 to 16. Score of backward digit span ranges from 0 to 14. Higher scores indicate better executive function.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Event-related potential - N2
Measure event-related potential through electroencephalography under single-task and dual-task paradigm.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Event-related potential - P300
Measure event-related potential through electroencephalography under single-task and dual-task paradigm.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Go/Nogo test
Behavioral test during measuring electroencephalography.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Trail making test
Trail making test contain part A and part B. Faster completing the test indicates better executive function.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test
Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test scores range from 0 to 28. Higher scores indicate better balance ability.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ranges from 0 to 30. Higher scores reflect better cognitive performances.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Timed up and go test
Record time of performing timed up and go test
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
Parkinson Disease Questionnaire
Parkinson Disease Questionnaire assess quality of life in people with Parkinson disease. Lower scores reflect higher quality of life.
Time frame: Before and after 8 weeks of intervention, as well as 4 weeks after intervention
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