Purpose: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of conventional therapy, Graded Motor Imagery (GMI), and Nintendo Wii-based biofeedback therapy in patients with rotator cuff injuries. The goal is to evaluate the impact of these three methods on pain management, range of motion (ROM), patient satisfaction, and functional performance. Hypotheses: There is no significant difference in pain management between conventional therapy, GMI, and Wii-based biofeedback therapy. There is no significant difference in shoulder ROM between the three therapies. There is no significant difference in patient satisfaction among the therapies. There is no significant difference in functional performance improvement between the therapies. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial will be conducted with 36 patients with rotator cuff injuries. They will be randomly assigned to one of three groups and undergo 6 weeks of treatment. Pain, ROM, and functional performance will be assessed pre- and post-treatment. Data will be analyzed using ANOVA. Potential Outcomes/Significance: The study may show that innovative approaches like GMI and Wii-based biofeedback therapy are effective treatment options. Results could contribute to developing new strategies for treating chronic pain and motor dysfunctions.
Study Title: Comparative Effectiveness of Conventional Therapy, Graded Motor Imagery (GMI), and Nintendo Wii-Based Biofeedback Therapy in Rotator Cuff Injuries Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of three different therapeutic interventions-conventional therapy, Graded Motor Imagery (GMI), and Nintendo Wii-based biofeedback therapy-in managing rotator cuff injuries. The study will evaluate the impact of these therapies on key outcomes including pain management, shoulder range of motion (ROM), patient satisfaction, and functional performance. By comparing these methods, the study seeks to determine which therapy offers the best overall benefit for patients with rotator cuff injuries. Hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: There is no significant difference in pain management between conventional therapy, GMI, and Wii-based biofeedback therapy. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Significant differences in pain management exist among these therapies. Hypothesis 2: There is no significant difference in shoulder ROM between conventional therapy, GMI, and Wii-based biofeedback therapy. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Significant differences in shoulder ROM exist among these therapies. Hypothesis 3: There is no significant difference in patient satisfaction among conventional therapy, GMI, and Wii-based biofeedback therapy. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Significant differences in patient satisfaction exist among these therapies. Hypothesis 4: There is no significant difference in functional performance improvement between conventional therapy, GMI, and Wii-based biofeedback therapy. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Significant differences in functional performance improvement exist among these therapies. Methods: This study will use a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial design. A total of 36 patients diagnosed with rotator cuff injuries will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: conventional therapy, Graded Motor Imagery (GMI), or Nintendo Wii-based biofeedback therapy. Each group will undergo their respective treatment for a duration of 6 weeks. The effectiveness of each treatment will be assessed through measurements taken before and after the intervention. Pain levels, shoulder ROM, and functional performance will be evaluated using standardized assessment tools. Statistical analysis will be performed using ANOVA to compare outcomes across the three treatment groups. Potential Outcomes/Significance: The results of this study have the potential to highlight the effectiveness of innovative therapies like GMI and Wii-based biofeedback therapy in the treatment of rotator cuff injuries. If these methods are found to be more effective than conventional therapy, they could represent valuable additions to treatment options for patients suffering from chronic pain and motor dysfunctions. The findings may contribute to the development of new, evidence-based strategies for managing rotator cuff injuries and improving patient outcomes in rehabilitation settings.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
36
Cold - Hot pack applications, TENS device application, which is a pain-relieving electrotherapy agent, therapeutic exercises
Cold-Hot pack applications, TENS device application, which is a pain-relieving electrotherapy agent, therapeutic exercises, graded motor imagery training (body right-left discrimination exercise, imagining the movement and exercising the opposite limb in front of the mirror).
Cold - Hot pack applications, TENS device application, which is a pain-relieving electrotherapy agent, therapeutic exercises, games involving your relevant shoulder such as boxing and bowling on the Nintendo Wii game console.
Istanbul University- Cerrahpaşa
Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
quickDASH short form
QuickDASH will be used to assess upper extremity functional limitations and symptoms in patients with rotator cuff injuries Scoring: QuickDASH consists of 11 questions, each rated on a scale from 1 to 5. The final score is calculated between 0 (no difficulty) and 100 (extreme difficulty)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
Shoulder Pain
NPRS (Numeric Pain Rating Scale) is a self-reported scale used to assess the intensity of pain. If you are conducting research on shoulder and arm injuries, such as rotator cuff pathologies, you can use this scale to evaluate the patients\' pain levels. NPRS is an 11-point scale where the patient rates their pain from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
Range of motion
ROM (Range of Motion) is an objective measurement used to assess the mobility and flexibility of joints. If you are conducting research on shoulder injuries such as rotator cuff pathologies, you can use ROM assessments to evaluate improvements in joint mobility. ROM is usually measured in degrees using a goniometer. Specific movements like shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, and rotation are assessed.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
Kinesiophobia
The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) is a self-reported questionnaire used to assess the fear of movement or re-injury in patients. If you are conducting research on shoulder injuries such as rotator cuff pathologies, you can use this scale to evaluate patients' fear of movement and its impact on recovery. The TSK consists of 17 items, each rated on a 4-point Likert scale. The total score ranges from 17 to 68, with higher scores indicating greater fear of movement.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
Global Rating of Change
The Global Rating of Change (GRC) is a self-reported scale used to measure a patient\'s perception of overall improvement or deterioration over time. If you are conducting research on rotator cuff injuries, you can use the GRC to evaluate patients\' subjective assessment of their progress. The GRC is typically measured on a scale ranging from -5 (a very great deal worse) to +5 (a very great deal better), with 0 indicating no change.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
Lateralization
The Recognise app is a tool used to assess lateralization, which involves identifying left and right body parts to measure motor imagery and cortical representation. If you are conducting research on rotator cuff injuries, you can use this app to evaluate patients\' ability to recognize and distinguish between left and right body parts, which can be important in assessing changes in cortical representation and motor imagery.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
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