The Efficacy of Olfactory Training Intervention on Olfactory and Other Non-motor Symptoms in PD

Inclusion Criteria: 1. PD was diagnosed according to the criteria of Movement Disorders and Parkinson Disease Group of Chinese Society of Neurology of Chinese Medical Association. 2. Olfactory score was 1 standard deviation lower than the corresponding age norm; 3. no medication plan in the past four weeks or no change in medication plan in the past four weeks, which can be maintained until the end of the experiment; 4.40-75 years old, with normal vision, hearing and language understanding and expression ability; 5.Good cooperation of patients Exclusion Criteria: 1. Parkinson\'s syndrome and Parkinson\'s plus syndrome caused by cerebrovascular disease, encephalitis, trauma, drugs, etc.; 2. Neuropsychiatric diseases that may affect the sense of smell, such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, etc.; 3. History of nasal disease or surgery, such as rhinitis, sinusitis, nasal septum deviation, etc. Upper respiratory tract infection in the past 3 weeks; 4. Long-term smoking and occupations that inhale chemical irritants for a long time.