Digital health using mobile health (mHealth) tools, such as telehealth and text messaging, and or mobile Apps can improve blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. This intervention is designed to improve self-management of diabetes and blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
Patients with type 2 diabetes may experience improvements in their blood glucose levels thanks to mHealth technologies like mobile apps and telehealth text messaging. The goal of this intervention is to help diabetic people better control their blood glucose levels and diabetes. The intervention arm will employ a smartphone application designed specifically for individuals with Type 2 diabetes, with the goal of improving their self-management behaviors. Features of the app include real-time health monitoring, appointment scheduling, medication tracking, patient data storage, treatment and follow-up recommendations, and health education and promotion.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
1,600
A mobile application tailored for patients with Type 2 diabetes, aiming to enhance their self-management practices will be used for the intervention arm. The app includes features such as medication tracking, appointment scheduling, patient data storage, advice for treatment and follow-ups, health education and promotion, and real-time health monitoring.
Said Mitha Hospital
Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan
Diabetes Self-Management
DSMQ-R will assess Diabetes self-management. The DSMQ-R is a multidimensional questionnaire with 27 items regarding essential self-management practices for T1D and T2D (including diabetes-adjusted eating, glucose testing/monitoring, medication taking, physical activity, and cooperation with the diabetes team). 4 Subscales: * 'Glucose Management' (GM), 11 items: 1, 4, 6, 10, 12, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27 (10 and 12 must be inverted). * 'Dietary Control' (DC), 7 items: 2, 5, 9, 13, 17, 18, 25 (5, 13 and 18 must be inverted). * 'Physical Activity' (PA), 3 items: 8, 11, 15 (11 and 15 must be inverted). * 'Health-Care Use' (HU), 4 items: 3, 7, 14, 19 (7 and 14 must be inverted). SCALE SCORE = ACTUAL SUM OF ITEMS / MAXIMUM POSSIBLE SUM OF ITEMS x 10
Time frame: 6- months from baseline
Hemoglobin A1C
Hemoglobin A1C will be measured by taking blood samples.
Time frame: 6- months from baseline
Adherence to medication
SEAMS URDU VERSION WILL BE USED FOR SEAMS Urdu version. It is of 13 questions with a score ranging from 13-39. Higher scores show better adherence
Time frame: 6- months from baseline
Health related quality of life
Health-related quality of life will be assessed by EQ 5D3L. The EQ-5D-3L Index score summarizes each possible health state on a numerical scale ranging from -0.594 to 1, where a score of 1 indicates full health and scores of 0 and less than 0 indicate a state equivalent to being dead, and a state
Time frame: 6- months from baseline
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