Understanding the Mechanisms of Clonal and Non-clonal Cytopenia Following CAR-T Therapy for Multiple Myeloma or CD19+ Lymphoproliferative Disorder (LPD)

Overview

This clinical trial evaluates the impact of preexisting and therapy-emergent germline and somatic variants on cytopenia in patients with multiple myeloma or CD19 positive lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. The most common adverse event after CAR-T therapy is lower than normal blood cells (cytopenia) and up to one third of patients experience cytopenia that last longer than 30 days post-infusion. Germline and somatic variants are changes in genes found using cancer genomic tests. Cancer genetic/genomic testing is a series of tests that find specific changes in cancer cells or in blood deoxyribonucleic acid. Identifying gene mutations may help identify the risk of cytopenia in patients with multiple myeloma or CD19 positive LPD following CAR-T therapy.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. Determine the preexisting and therapy-emergent germline and somatic variants associated with an increased risk of clonal and non-clonal cytopenia following CAR-T cell therapy on research basis. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: I. Characterize the baseline transcriptomic signature associated with non-clonal and clonal cytopenia following CAR-T therapy on research basis. OUTLINE: Patients undergo bone marrow aspiration and hair, saliva, buccal swab, or skin sample collection up to 14 days prior to lymphodepleting (LD) therapy. Patients undergo clinical follow-up (CFU) on day 90 post-CAR-T therapy. Patients with unexplained cytopenia also undergo bone marrow aspiration for sequencing analysis on day 90 and at development of myeloid neoplasm post-cytotoxic therapies (MN-pCT) during CFU. Patients also undergo bone marrow aspiration at determination of clonal evolution or myeloid neoplasm if not done during CFU on day 90. Patients with unexplained cytopenia at day 90 are followed up every 90 days for up to 2 years until resolution. Patients without unexplained cytopenia are followed clinically for up to 2 years.