The objective of this study is to investigate the importance of leavy vegetable preloading on the postprandial glycaemic and insulinemic response in human subjects when consumed a specific amount of digestible carbohydrate from Russet Burbank potatoes source.
The proposed research is part of strategies to manipulate postprandial glycemia and generate weight-control-related benefits, such as promoting satiation. Literature has shown pre-loading caloric nutrients can change postprandial glycemia, but the mechanism is unclear. The investigators hypothesize that a small number of nutrients released in the small intestine can initiate physiological changes and develop feedback control to delay gastric emptying, leading to the delay in digestion of glycemic carbohydrates and the consequent moderate glycemic responses. The investigators propose to use potatoes as the testing glycemic carbohydrates, and the pre-load foods are green vegetables. The investigators will be testing the optimal preload time to achieve the highest control of glycemic response as well as the strongest effect in satiety induction. In addition, green vegetables will be consumed with or without a preload fat enhancer (canola oil) to investigate the mechanism behind significant preload compositions. Healthy adults will be instructed to eat the leafy vegetables first (with or without canola oil), followed by the potato foods (i.e., mashed potatoes). The measurement is the gastric emptying time, blood sugar concentration, insulin, and an appetite-related gut hormone GLP-1. In order to monitor gastric emptying using a non-invasive approach, a popular breath test used in children and a hydrogen breath test will be used to present the change of gastric emptying and the level of gut fermentation. Results will demonstrate the mechanism of the impact of pre-loading nutrients on the digestion of glycemic carbohydrates. The goal is to eliminate the negative influence of glycemic carbohydrate consumption. Instead, to generate health benefits from dietary carbohydrates.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
24
Subjects co-ingest both (300 g mashed potatoes) and (200 g baby round spinach supplemented with canola oil) in the same time.
Subjects consume 200 g baby round spinach supplemented with canola oil first, then directly consume 300 g of mashed potatoes.
Subjects consume 200 g baby round spinach supplemented with canola oil first, wait 5 minutes, then consume 300 g of mashed potatoes.
Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC)
Singapore, Singapore
Postprandial blood glucose
Blood samples are taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. Glucose levels are tested in the serum using cobas c311 analyzer.
Time frame: up to 3 hour (180 minutes) after test meal consumption
Postprandial blood Insulin
Blood samples are taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. Insulin levels are tested in the serum using cobas e411 Immunoanalyzer.
Time frame: up to 3 hour (180 minutes) after test meal consumption
Postprandial Glucagon Like Peptide -1 Total (GLP-1)
Blood samples are taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. GLP-1 levels are tested in the plasma using GLP-1 Total ELISA kit (EZGLP1T-36K)
Time frame: up to 3 hour (180 minutes) after test meal consumption
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Subjects consume 200 g baby round spinach supplemented with canola oil first, wait 10 minutes, then consume 300 g of mashed potatoes.
Subjects consume 200 g baby round spinach supplemented with canola oil first, wait 15 minutes, then consume 300 g of mashed potatoes.
Subjects consume 200 g baby round spinach supplemented with canola oil first, wait 20 minutes, then consume 300 g of mashed potatoes.
Subjects consume 200 g baby round spinach WITHOUT canola oil first, wait 10 minutes, then consume 300 g of mashed potatoes.
Subjects consume 20 g of canola oil first, wait 10 minutes, then consume 300 g of mashed potatoes.