The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of timolol maleate (TM) gel in subjects with superficial infantile hemangioma (IH) in the proliferative phase. The main question it aims to answer is: • The primary endpoint (success or failure) assessment was a centralized and independent qualitative assessment based on blinded comparison on B-ultrasonography results and photographs of IH at W24 from baseline. Researchers will compare TM gel to a placebo (a look-alike substance that contains no drug) to see if TM gel works to treat IH. Participants will: * Take the study drug 3 times daily (once in the morning, noon, and evening, respectively) for 24 weeks. * The family members of patients are instructed to bring the patients to the clinic for regular follow-up visits at Week 4 (W4), Week 12 (W12), and Week 24 (W24) of the treatment period. * Keep a diary of concomitant medications and adverse events.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
168
Subjects were applied with the 0.5% timolol maleate gel at the affected area twice a day, and with the placebo once a day for 24 weeks.
Subjects were applied with the 0.5% timolol maleate gel at the affected area 3 times a day for 24 weeks.
Subjects were applied with placebo at the affected area 3 times a day for 24 weeks.
Beijing Children's Hospital,Capital Medical University
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
Children's Hospital of Soochow University
Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China
Children's Hospital of Shanxi
Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital
Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Kunming Children's Hospital
Kunming, Yunan, China
Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Success rate of cure of IH after 24-week treatment.
Treatment success is defined as complete or almost complete resolution of the patient's IH at W24 compared with baseline. At the time of centralized independent assessment.
Time frame: 24 weeks
Changes in the hemangioma volume
Changes in the hemangioma volume from baseline after treatment for 4, 12 and 24 weeks, adopting the estimation formula of IH volume: V = 0.07×(the average of the hemangioma's longest length and width)\^3.
Time frame: baseline, week 4, 12 and 24
Changes in hemangioma color
Change in the color of hemangioma after 4, 12, and 24 weeks of treatment, which is assessed by the CEA (Clinician Erythema Assessment) criteria.The color intensity (e.g., no signs of erythema;slight redness;defined redness;marked redness;fiery redness.) of the IH is assessed on a 5 point scale.
Time frame: baseline, weeks 4, 12 and 24
Complete/almost complete regression rates of IH from baseline after 4 and 12-week treatment.
At the time of centralized independent assessment.
Time frame: baseline, weeks 4 and 12
Complete/almost complete resolution rate of IH at each post-baseline visit (Weeks 4, 12, and 24) from baseline.
On-site qualitative assessment by the investigator of efficacy.
Time frame: baseline, Weeks 4, 12, and 24
Evolution of IH at each post-baseline visit(Weeks 4, 12, and 24) from baseline.
Classified into 5 categories: completely/almost completely resolved, improved, stable, aggravated, and not assessable. On-site qualitative assessment by the investigator of efficacy.
Time frame: baseline, Weeks 4, 12 and 24
Changes in IH at each post-baseline visit(Weeks 4, 12, and 24) compared to the previous visit.
Classified into 5 categories: complete/almost complete regression, relief, stabilization, exacerbation, and unable to determine. On-site qualitative assessment by the investigator of efficacy.
Time frame: Baseline, Weeks 4, 12, and 24
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