Effects of Exercise Training and Genetic Factors in Hypertensive Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Sleep

Overview

The objective is to investigate the effects of exercise training in hypertensive individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in neurovascular control taking into account genetic factors. Seventy-two hypertensive patients with OSA \>15 events/hour of sleep revealed by nocturnal polysomnography will be randomized into a control or physical training group. All will be evaluated for the T786 genotypes of the eNOS gene gene. The study will investigate the effect of the exercise program on vascular control in different alleles of the T786 genotypes of the eNOS gene.

Experimental Design. All participants underwent overnight polysomnography study. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) will be calculated by total number of respiratory events (apneas and hypopneas) per hour of sleep. Obstructive sleep apnea will be defined as a cessation of respiratory airflow for 10 seconds with thoracoabdominal effort, which was detected by Piezo respiratory effort sensor. Individuals with \>70% of obstructive events were defined as individuals with OSA. Muscle blood flow will be evaluated by pletismography tecnique. Heart rate and blood pressure. Heart rate (HR) was beat-by-beat continuously measured during the test obtained in a computer-recorded electrocardiographic tracing. Blood pressure (BP) was monitored noninvasively from an automatic leg blood pressure cuff (nondominant leg) using automated oscillometric device. The systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures will be registered. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test. Maximal exercise capacity was determined by means of a maximal progressive cardiopulmonary exercise test Peak VO2 will be defined as the maximum attained VO2 at the end of the exercise period in which the subject could no longer maintain the walk velocity.