This observational, cross-sectional study aims to characterize patients with axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) from a biopsychosocial perspective. The study examines the relationships between psychosocial factors (such as pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and fear-avoidance beliefs) and clinical indicators of disease progression, including functional limitations and disease activity. The primary objective is to identify psychosocial predictors of functionality and disease activity in AxSpA patients, which may guide more personalized therapeutic interventions. Findings could provide insights into the combined effects of physical and psychological aspects on disease management, promoting a holistic approach to AxSpA care.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
34
Universidad de Extremadura
Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI)
This primary outcome measure will assess disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). The BASDAI is a validated, self-reported measure that evaluates symptoms such as fatigue, spinal pain, joint pain, and morning stiffness on a scale from 0 to 10, where higher scores indicate higher disease activity.
Time frame: Baseline (single assessment at the start of the study)
Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI)
A self-reported index measuring functional limitations in ankylosing spondylitis patients. It evaluates the ability to perform daily activities, with scores ranging from 0 to 10, where higher scores indicate greater functional impairment.
Time frame: Baseline (single assessment at the start of the study)
Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI)
An index measuring spinal mobility in ankylosing spondylitis, using measurements of lateral lumbar flexion, tragus-to-wall distance, cervical rotation, lumbar flexion (modified Schober test), and intermalleolar distance. Each component is scored on a continuous scale from 0 to 10.
Time frame: Baseline
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
A numeric rating scale for pain, where patients rate their pain intensity on a scale from 0 to 10, with 0 meaning "no pain" and 10 "the worst pain imaginable."
Time frame: Baseline
Range of Motion (ROM)
Cervical range of motion will be measured using a goniometer for flexion/extension, lateral flexion, and rotation movements. Lumbar flexion will be assessed using the modified Schober test.
Time frame: Baseline
Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT)
Pressure pain threshold will be assessed at specific points, such as the upper trapezius, lumbar erector spinae at L3-L4, and epicondyle muscles, using a mechanical pressure algometer.
Time frame: Baseline
Cervical Joint Position Sense Error (JPSE)
Assesses cervical proprioceptive acuity by measuring the error in repositioning the head to a neutral posture.
Time frame: Baseline
Lumbar Repositioning Error (LRE)
Assesses lumbar proprioception by measuring the error in repositioning after flexing the lumbar spine to a specific angle.
Time frame: Baseline
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