Adjunctive Fosfomycin for Treatment of Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteraemia

N/AActive Not RecruitingNCT06695832

Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge369 enrolled

Overview

Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia is a frequent and life-threatening infection, despite current standard antibiotic monotherapy. This study aims to clarify the role of fosfomycin as an adjunctive therapy for improving outcomes in patients with this serious infection. Two clinical trials suggested that adjunctive fosfomycin therapy might offer a clinical benefit in certain cases, but the results are inconclusive. We aim to analyse pooled data from these trials in order to identify subgroups of patients that might benefit most from this therapy.

Background. Improving outcomes in patients with methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) is a critical healthcare goal. Two recent randomised clinical trials (RCTs), the BACSARM trial and the SAFO trial, assessed the efficacy of fosfomycin as an adjunctive therapy for MRSA and MSSA SAB respectively. Although neither trial demonstrated statistically significant differences in their primary endpoints of treatment success and reduced mortality respectively, both studies observed lower rates of persistent bacteraemia in the fosfomycin groups. Methods. We will perform a post-hoc analysis of pooled individual patient data from the BACSARM and SAFO trials, which will be referred to as the BACSAFO study. The primary exposure of interest is fosfomycin adjunctive therapy, and the primary outcome will be treatment success at 8 weeks, defined as the patient being alive, without signs of relapse, and showing improvement in clinical signs and symptoms. We will use both Bayesian and frequentist methodologies: the Bayesian analysis will use a hierarchical Bayesian log-binomial model, while the frequentist analysis will apply a hierarchical log-binomial model. In addition, we will investigate whether adjunctive fosfomycin is particularly beneficial in specific patient subgroups (created according to age, methicillin resistance, place of acquisition, and complicated bacteraemia status). Discussion. The BACSAFO study aims to clarify the role of fosfomycin as an adjunctive therapy for improving outcomes in SAB patients. Although previous trials have not demonstrated significant differences in the primary endpoints, the significant reductions in rates of persistent bacteraemia observed suggest that fosfomycin might offer a clinical benefit in certain cases. By analysing pooled data and attempting to identify subgroups that might benefit most, this study has the potential to refine treatment strategies and inform trial design and planning for future RCTs investigating combination antibiotic therapies for SAB.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Conditions

Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * All patients included in the BACSARM and SAFO clinical trials. Exclusion Criteria: * For both trials: polymicrobial bacteraemia, severe clinical status with expected survival \< 24 hours, severe liver disease with Child-Pugh score class C, diagnosis of prosthetic infective endocarditis, allergy or known resistance to study drugs, pregnancy at the time of inclusion, inclusion in another clinical trial. * For the BACSARM trial: diagnosis of MRSA pneumonia, prior history of eosinophilic pneumonia, use of additional antibiotic therapy with microbiological activity against MRSA. * For the SAFO trial: prior history of myasthenia gravis, acute SARS-CoV2 infection.

Locations (6)

The Royal Melbourne Hospital, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity

Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain

Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and Hospital (IGTP)

Badalona, Catalonia, Spain

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Treatment success at 8 weeks from the time of randomisation

A composite outcome available from the information collected in both trials and based on the fulfilment of all the following criteria: * Alive at week 8 from the time of randomisation. * Absence of relapse within 8 weeks after randomisation, defined as isolation of S. aureus in blood cultures after the index blood cultures were cleared. * Improvement of clinical signs and symptoms as assessed by investigators of the BACSARM and SAFO trials at week 8 from the time of randomisation.

Time frame: 8 weeks from the time of randomisation

Secondary Outcomes

Persistent bacteraemia

Positive blood cultures for S. aureus at days 3 and 7 from the time of randomisation

Time frame: At days 3 and 7 from the time of randomisation

Mortality at days 14, 30 and 60 from the time of randomisation

Time frame: Days 14, 30 and 60 from the time of randomisation

Adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation

Adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation during adjunctive fosfomycin therapy

Time frame: During the time that adjunctive fosfomycin therapy was administered

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.