Etiology, Clinical Picture, Complications and Outcomes of Necrotizing Pancreatitis in Children.

Overview

The aim of this research is to study the etiology, the clinical picture, the management, the complications and the outcomes of necrotic pancreatitis in children. Currently, there is a significant number of errors in the early diagnosis of AP in children associated with the complexity of differential diagnosis, which leads to the untimely verification of the correct diagnosis and, consequently, to incorrect treatment tactics, which could be accompanied by an increase in the severe forms of the disease and an increase in mortality.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory disease of the exocrine pancreas. Clinical manifestations vary from mild abdominal discomfort to metabolic disorders, sepsis, fluid sequestration, multiple organ failure and death. According to the international data, the annual incidence of AP in children is 3-13 cases per 100,000 people, but in recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of this pathology. Necrotic pancreatitis in children accounts for up to 25-30% of the cases of all forms of AP. Despite the successes achieved in the diagnosis and treatment of AP, the mortality rate for this pathology is up to 5%, according to various authors. In addition, given the varying degrees of the prevalence of the destructive process in the pancreas and the parapancreatic tissue, the choice of surgical treatment still remains a subject of discussion. The treatment of moderately severe (MSAP) and severe (SAP) necrotic pancreatitis is a complex task due to the variety of causes of the disease, the incompletely understood pathogenesis and the uncertainty in predicting the results. Paralytic ileus with the development of intestinal failure is the main pathogenetic factor in the development of a septic condition in AP, but there is tendency of insufficient attention being paid to this fact in pediatric practice, which determines the lack of a unified approach to the treatment of intestinal failure syndrome.

Conditions