A Prospective Study of Expression Profiling-based Assessment of the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥18 years, male or infertile female * Patients with rectal adenocarcinoma diagnosed by colonoscopic biopsy * Neoadjuvant therapy according to guideline recommendations * Endoscopic biopsy with access to biopsy tissue for subsequent RNA-seq testing * Patients who do not have a combination of primary malignant tumors elsewhere. * Patients who understand the purpose of the trial, participate voluntarily and sign an informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: * Samples are not collected, stored, or processed in accordance with specified requirements * Sample does not meet the requirements for subsequent RNA-seq testing * Cases enrolled with a subsequent diagnosis other than rectal adenocarcinoma. * The patient refuses or is unable to complete the entire neoadjuvant treatment * Lack of post-neoadjuvant imaging results and lack of routine postoperative pathology results. * Other patients who, in the judgment of the investigator, do not meet the enrollment requirements