Surgical fear is a situation where a person experiences excessive fear of surgical procedures. This fear can negatively affect the person's normal life and is usually more intense in the pre-operative period. The causes of surgical fear include factors such as previous negative surgical experiences, lack of sufficient information, post-operative pain and complications. In addition, factors such as age, gender, and level of education can also affect fear. This fear can lead to physical and psychological problems along with stress; symptoms such as increased heart rate, dizziness, and muscle tension can be seen. Methods such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, meditation, and hypnosis can be used in the treatment of surgical fear. In addition, anxiety can also arise from thinking about the surgical procedure, post-operative complications, fear of anesthesia, or pain. High-risk surgeries and past negative experiences can increase anxiety. High anxiety before surgery can lead to psychological and physical problems. Nurses should offer anxiety-reducing techniques (breathing exercises, relaxation) by taking into account the needs of patients. In addition, having relatives with the patient can help relieve anxiety. Laughter yoga is considered an effective complementary therapy to reduce surgical fear and anxiety. Developed in India in 1995, this method involves simulating laughter with yoga breathing techniques. Laughter yoga relaxes muscles, increases pain threshold, and improves overall psychological well-being. This study aims to evaluate the effects of laughter yoga on patients undergoing ureteroscopy.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
92
The first component of the intervention is laughter therapy, which is a combination of warm-up exercises, deep breathing exercises, childlike playfulness and laughter exercises. Participants will do laughter therapy via WhatsApp video call. Laughter yoga will be a single session and will last approximately 30 minutes.
Samsun Gazi State Hospital
Samsun, Samsun, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGSurgical Fear
The "Surgical Fear Questionnaire" will be used to measure patients' fear of surgery. The scale is an 11-point Likert-type scale consisting of 8 items, each item scored between 0 (not afraid at all) and 10 (very afraid). The scale has two sub-dimensions, each consisting of four items; items 1-4 measure fear of short-term outcomes of surgery, while items 5-8 measure fear of long-term outcomes of surgery. The sub-dimension scale score is obtained by summing the scores of each of the short-term and long-term sub-dimensions of the Surgical Fear Scale, and the total score of the scale is calculated by summing these scores. The sub-dimensions of the scale are scored between 0-40, and the total score is scored between 0-80. As the score increases, the patient's fear also increases.
Time frame: 40 minutes before the ureteroscopy procedure, 5 minutes before the ureteroscopy procedure
Anxiety
Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory The scale consists of two separate dimensions: state anxiety (STAI-I) and trait anxiety (STAI-II), and these dimensions aim to measure individuals' anxiety in different contexts. The state anxiety section will be used in this study. The 20 items of the scale measure state anxiety. The scale items are in a 4-point Likert type. Responses range from "Never" (1) to "Very often" (4). The state anxiety scale contains 10 reverse (1, 2, 5, 8, 11, 15, 16, 19, 20) and 10 direct statements. The scale is scored between 20-80 and the anxiety level increases as the score increases.
Time frame: 40 minutes before ureteroscopy, 5 minutes before ureteroscopy
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