Dysphonia Pain Perception Following Botulinum Toxin Injections

Overview

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a chronic voice disorder which can cause a significant decrease in voice related quality of life with no cure. The most common treatment is botox injections in the larynx, with the effect lasting for about 3 months. The procedure is performed in awake, unsedated conditions therefore patients experience pain which in turn affects the tolerance of the procedure. The investigators seek to study whether applying ice compress immediately before the injection would decrease SD patients' perception of pain with botulinum toxin injection. This will be achieved by giving the patients pain questionnaires to complete 10 minutes after the procedure.

Purpose: To determine if ice compress would decrease spasmodic dysphonia patients' perception of pain with botulinum toxin injection. Hypothesis: Patients will perceive lower levels of pain with applying ice compress. Justification: There is a lack of data in the available literature on patients' pain perception with botulinum toxin injections and interventions used to decrease pain perception. Applying ice compress (cryotherapy) has strong short-term analgesic effects for various painful conditions, especially in the musculoskeletal system, like acute sports injury, post-op orthopaedic surgery, and dental conditions. However, cryotherapy has not been used much in otolaryngology. This study will provide insights on possible use of cryotherapy in this field. Objectives: The investigators aim to evaluate if there is any significant difference in pain perception of patients who undergo botulinum injection with application of ice compress prior to the injection. Research Design: This will be a prospective unblinded randomized controlled study with cross over design. Adductor SD patients will be recruited from the UBC Pacific Voice Clinic run by PI, Dr. Amanda Hu. Interested patients will be provided more information regarding the study and will be consented during their clinic visit. Recruited patients will receive transcutaneous transcricothyroid injection of botulinum toxin with alternating use of no anesthesia (control) or ice compress (intervention) in two consecutive laryngeal injections, which most patients receive every 3-4 months. Intervention for the purpose of this study will be applying ice compress to neck for 5 minutes prior to botulinum toxin injection. Ten minutes after the procedure, patients will complete the short form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Pain scores will be compared for each participant with ice compress and without the ice compress. the investigators will also collect other factors that may affect pain from the medical charts as follows: Age, gender, body mass index, employment status (employed vs unemployed), Voice Handicap Index, opioid usage (yes/no), psychiatric medications (yes/no), chronic pain history (yes/no), duration of diagnosis, botox injection dose, bilateral/unilateral, first injection vs subsequent injection, professional voice user (yes/no), ever smoker (current and former vs never), completion of procedure (yes/no). The investigators will asses if there is a significant relationship between any of these factors and SD patients' pain perception.