Circulating Vascular Regenerative Cell Exhaustion in Individuals Without Type 2 Diabetes Who Are of South Asian or European Origins

Overview

ORIGINS-VRCE-2 is an observational study aimed to assess how blood vessel forming stem cells from individuals without diabetes or a history of cardiovascular disease differ between individuals of South Asian and European ethnicities. The overarching objective of the study is to investigate whether differential vessel reparative stem cell populations and characteristics may underlie the elevated cardiovascular risk observed among South Asian individuals compared to individuals of European origins.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death worldwide. Notably, individuals of South Asian (SA) origin have 3 to 5-fold increased rates of CVD compared to European individuals, which cannot be entirely explained by diet, lifestyle, or socioeconomic factors. Therefore, the mechanisms driving the increased CVD risk in SA individuals remains largely unknown. Cardiovascular health is maintained by vascular regenerative cells, which secrete pro-vascular cytokines involved in various pro-angiogenic, arteriogenic and vasculogenic pathways. It has been shown that SA adults with type 2 diabetes or CVD show vascular regenerative cell exhaustion (VRCE), characterized by a reduced number or dysfunction of pro-vascular cells compared to European adults with type 2 diabetes or CVD. Thus, VRCE presents as a novel mechanism to explain the increased cardiovascular risk SA individuals experience. However, it is unclear whether VRCE only occurs in people with cardiometabolic diseases, or if it is a phenomenon that is also present in healthy SA individuals. ORIGINS-VRCE-2 is an observational, two-armed, cross-sectional study that will enroll 60 healthy South Asian and 60 healthy European individuals. Vascular regenerative cells will be isolated from peripheral blood samples for enumeration and characterization.

Conditions