Intravenous and inhalation combined anesthesia is a commonly used method for maintaining general anesthesia in clinical practice. This study aims to explore the interaction between ciprofol and sevoflurane. By employing response surface methodology, we constructed a three-dimensional pharmacodynamic interaction surface for various dose combinations of ciprofol and sevoflurane. This approach allows us to determine the nature of the interaction between the two drugs at any given level, thereby providing a ciprofol understanding of the dose-response relationship when ciprofol and sevoflurane are used in combination. This knowledge will serve as a theoretical basis for rational drug administration during surgery.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
300
Sevoflurane 0% combined with ciprofol 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6mg/kg, respectively.
Sevoflurane 0.7% combined with ciprofol 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5mg/kg, respectively.
Sevoflurane 1.0% combined with ciprofol 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4mg/kg, respectively.
Sevoflurane 1.5% combined with ciprofol 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4mg/kg, respectively.
Sevoflurane 2.0% combined with ciprofol 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3mg/kg, respectively.
Sevoflurane 2.5% combined with ciprofol 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3mg/kg, respectively.
Ciprofol 0 combined with sevoflurane 0.7, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.5%, respectively.
Ciprofol 0.05 mg/kg combined with sevoflurane 0.7, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.5 %, respectively.
Ciprofol 0.1mg/kg combined with sevoflurane 0.5, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 %, respectively.
Ciprofol 0.2 mg/kg combined with sevoflurane 0.5, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 %, respectively.
Ciprofol 0.3 mg/kg combined with sevoflurane 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 %, respectively.
Ciprofol 0.4 mg/kg combined with sevoflurane 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 %, respectively.
Bispectral Index (BIS) value
The BIS usually ranges from 0 to 100, with 0-20 indicating a state of deep anesthesia or coma; 20-40 indicates moderate anesthesia; 40-60 indicates mild anesthesia; 60-80 indicates sedation; 80-100 indicates wakefulness.
Time frame: Induction period of anesthesia
The score of Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale
The Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAAS) scale ranges from 1 to 5 points. 5 (awake) : The patient responds quickly to the name call with normal intonation, normal verbal answers, normal facial expressions, and bright eyes without drooping. 4 (mild sedation) : The patient is slow to respond to the name call in normal intonation, the verbal answer is slightly slow or vague, the facial expression is slightly relaxed, the eyes are glassy and the upper eyelid is slightly droopy. 3 (moderate sedation) : The patient responds only to the name call out loud, verbal responses are significantly slower or slower, facial expressions are significantly relaxed, and eyes are fixed with a visibly droopy upper eyelid. 2 (deep sedation) : The patient responds only to nudging or shaking, and the verbal response is indistinct. 1 (deep sleep, unconscious) : The patient does not respond to nudging or shaking. An OAA/S score of 2-5 is considered a response.
Time frame: Induction period of anesthesia
Numbers of of participants with laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation positive response
Laryngoscopic exposure of the glottis to obtain Cormack-Lehane level 1 or 2 visual field and maintain it for 5 seconds: verbal response, eye opening, painful expression, coughing, retraction, or other purposeful or unpurposeful movements are considered responsive.
Time frame: Induction period of anesthesia
Numbers of participants with tracheal intubation stress positive respose
If the increase in heart rate (HR) or mean arterial pressure (MAP) compared to the baseline value was greater than or equal to 15% during this procedure, the stress response induced by tracheal intubation was considered to have failed to be effectively suppressed, and the effect was recorded as 1.
Time frame: Induction period of anesthesia
Blood plasma concentration
Time frame: Induction period of anesthesia
HR
For adults, the normal heart rate range is usually between 60 and 100 beats per minute. During anesthesia, HR less than 20% of baseline is considered hypotensive
Time frame: Period of anesthesia
MAP
The normal range of MAP is usually 70-105 mmHg. MAP is one of the important indicators to measure the function of the human circulatory system, which represents the average arterial blood pressure in a cardiac cycle. During anesthesia, MSP less than 20% of baseline is considered hypotensive.
Time frame: Period of anesthesia
Adverse reactions
Time frame: Perioperative period
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