this is an investigator-initiated trial aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of anti-CD19/BCMA CAR-NK Cells in Patients With B cell mediated autoimmune disease.
Autoimmune diseases are conditions in which the immune system fails to accurately recognize normal tissues or cells, leading to the attack of organs, tissues, or cells. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe autoimmune disorder that can cause widespread damage to multiple organs and systems, ultimately resulting in disability and even death. Pediatric patients with SLE are particularly susceptible to organ damage, especially renal impairment, and typically experience a more severe and protracted disease course compared to adults. Despite advances in therapy, many patients continue to suffer from SLE. In China, only 0.76% to 25% of patients achieve drug-free or clinical remission, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. For patients with multi-drug resistant nephrotic syndrome (MDR-SRNS), who are at high risk of progressing to kidney failure, there remains no effective treatment. Therefore, there is a pressing need for new therapeutic strategies. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Although immunosuppressants have been used in some patients, IgAN remains a leading cause of kidney failure in young adults, with approximately 40% of patients progressing to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) within 20-30 years. Since 2019, CAR T-cell therapy has shown success in treating various autoimmune diseases, including SLE, systemic sclerosis, and idiopathic inflammatory dermatomyositis. However, the widespread application of autologous CAR T-cells is limited by several factors, including their high cost and the frequent occurrence of adverse effects. Autologous CAR T-cells are personalized products, which make them expensive and less accessible. Furthermore, the risks of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) remain significant concerns. Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) cell therapy offers a promising alternative. This adoptive cell therapy involves the genetic modification of NK cells to recognize and eliminate target cells expressing disease-related antigens. CAR-NK cells have several advantages over CAR T-cells, including a lower risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and minimal occurrence of CRS or ICANS. Additionally, CAR-NK therapy is more cost-effective, which could greatly enhance its accessibility. Given these advantages, CAR-NK cell therapy holds potential for revolutionizing the treatment of refractory SLE and MDR-SRNS, IgAN, offering new hope for patients with these challenging conditions.
Study Type
Patients will receive Fludarabine (30 mg/m2 per day) and Cyclophosphamide (300mg/m2 per day) on day -5, -4, and -3. Multiple doses of anti-CD19/BCMA CAR NK cells (KN5601) will infused in each group using dose-escalation strategy.
Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
RECRUITINGThe safety of CAR-NK cell therapy in patients with B cell mediated autoimmune disease
Incidence of Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLTs), Incidence and severity of Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Event(SAEs).
Time frame: 1 months
The efficiency of CAR-NK cell therapy in patients with B cell mediated autoimmune disease
SLE: The rate of patients achieving SRI-4 response, LLDAS, or DORIS remission MDR-SRNS:Complete response and partial response rate. IgAN:partial or complete response.
Time frame: 3 months
Effectiveness of other visit points
The responsive rate and the rate of complete /partial remission
Time frame: 6 months
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INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
36