RCT-Consumer Perceptions of Cannabidiol (CBD) Health Claims

Overview

Cannabidiol (CBD) cannot be marketed as having therapeutic benefits (without FDA's approval), be false or misleading to consumers, or convey the products are approved or endorsed by the FDA. In addition, CBD cannot be marketed as a food additive or dietary supplement since it is an active ingredient in an approved drug, Epidiolex. Despite this, CBD products have been illicitly advertised to consumers with these claims including unsubstantiated health claims that promote benefits including curing cancer and preventing Alzheimer's disease. These types of claims may be influencing consumers to use CBD. This study aims to examine the impact of CBD advertising with health claims on consumer purchase behavior.

Cannabidiol (CBD) products have rapidly gained popularity, spanning the retail market with a range of products that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates including drugs, dietary supplements, food/beverages and cosmetics. The FDA mandates that CBD cannot be marketed as having therapeutic benefits (without FDA's approval), be false or misleading to consumers, or convey the products are approved or endorsed by the FDA. In addition, CBD cannot be marketed as a food additive or dietary supplement since it is an active ingredient in an approved drug, Epidiolex. Despite this, CBD products have been unlawfully advertised to consumers with these claims including unsubstantiated health claims that promote benefits including curing cancer and preventing Alzheimer's disease and providing chronic pain relief. Furthermore, there is substantial evidence that retail advertising influences consumer perceptions and behaviors for other substances (e.g. tobacco, food), but no such evidence exists for how CBD health claims impact consumer behavior. This project focuses on informing regulatory actions for CBD by evaluating the impact of health claims on consumer purchase behavior. Setting: Participants will complete the study at the University of North Carolina (UNC) Mini Mart in North Carolina. The store replica allows researchers to experimentally evaluate the influence of retail characteristics on consumer behavior in a controlled, real-world setting. The visit will last approximately 60 minutes. Recruitment: Adult CBD past 30 day users, non-current users (use 12 Months ago or more), and susceptible never users, ages 18-79, will be recruited to participate. To recruit participants, flyers will be posted at public locations likely to reach potential participants, such as Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA)s, public libraries, CBD shops, the bus station, and local restaurants. In addition, email advertisements will be sent out via Craigslist and appropriate listservs. Interested prospective participants will complete a screening questionnaire to determine their eligibility. If eligible, participants will be invited enroll in the study. Approximately 480 participants will complete the study. Informed consent: After determining eligibility, participants will be scheduled for a time to arrive at the Mini-Mart to complete the shopping task. Participants will provide electronic informed consent after they check in at the Mini-Mart and prior to starting the shopping task. Randomization: Upon arrival at the Mini-Mart, participants will be randomly assigned to one of 2 conditions: 1) non CBD advertising (control condition) or 2) CBD advertising (experimental condition). Participants will have an equal chance of being randomized to either condition.