Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a global health challenge influenced by diabetes, hypertension, and psychosocial stress, with women having a higher prevalence of Coronary microvascular disease. Promoting coronary collateral circulation offers an alternative coronary artery disease CAD treatment. Invasive interventions like PCI and CABG aim to enhance coronary flow, restoring blood flow to ischemic myocardium. Post-CABG challenges include depression, anxiety, and factors affecting quality of life. Physiotherapy impacts heart rate variability, with virtual reality physiotherapy reducing both heart rate variability and hospital stay. Cardiac rehabilitation involves lifestyle changes, enhancing functional capacity, and supporting early recovery. Pre-operative respiratory muscle training improves outcomes. Acute high-intensity interval exercise and mild continuous exercise benefit exercise recovery. This research compares conditioning exercises and resistance interval training effects on post-CABG patients' well-being.
The randomized clinical trial will be conducted in physical therapy department at the District Headquarters (DHQ) in Gujranwala, employing a non-probability convenience sampling technique. The study aims to include individuals aged 40-55 years. Participants in phase IV cardiac rehabilitation. Both female and male will be included.Exclusion criteria involve individuals with another clinical trial involving physical protocols. Regular practice of physical exercise of more than 150min per week in last 3 months. Decompensated heart failure. Further exclusions encompass individuals who have had an acute myocardial infarction or cardiac surgery within the last 6 months, severe valvular heart diseases, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias, asymmetric septal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with dynamic obstruction in the outflow pathway, musculoskeletal disorders limiting completion of the exercise program, and impaired cognitive status affecting understanding and adherence to the study protocol. Group A will be given a Conditioning exercise protocol while the other Group B will be given resistance interval training. The difference in improvement before and after 6 weeks will be documented and compared.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
60
Aerobic interval training (AIT), which included rest intervals in between sessions of aerobic activity on a stationary bike and treadmill, was administered to the control group. A 10-minute warm-up, or a maximum of 50% to 60% of HR, preceded the program. The next activity round consisted of six x six-minute intervals of cycling and walking/uphill running on a treadmill at 60% to 85% of THR, separated by three minutes of rest/recovery. A ten-to fifteen-minute cool- down period followed the session.
Resistance interval training for post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients requires careful consideration and should be conducted under the supervision of healthcare professionals, such as cardiac rehabilitation specialists or physiotherapists. Exercise programs for individuals recovering from cardiac surgery must be tailored to their specific needs, taking into account their overall health, medical history, and current fitness level. Before beginning any exercise program, it's essential to obtain clearance from a healthcare provider. The workout lasted thirty to forty minutes in total. To fit the training load, resistance and intensity were gradually raised. For six weeks, this supervised training program was adhered to three times a week on alternate days
Cheema Heart complex, Hospital Gujranwala
Guiranwala, Punjab Province, Pakistan
SF-36 Questionnaire
The 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) is an outcome measure instrument that is often used for quality of life, well-researched, self-reported measure of health. It stems from a study called the Medical Outcomes Study for the objective measure of the quality of life. The 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) will be used which is a self-reported measure of health that covers eight domains of health.
Time frame: 6 weeks
6-minute walk test
The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) will be used for cardiorespiratory fitness, to measure the distance walked in a specified time and reflect the functional exercise level. The primary measurement is 6-min walk distance (6MWD), but during the 6MWT data can also be collected about the patient's blood oxygen saturation and perception of dyspnea during exertion. When conducting the 6MWT do not walk with the patient and do not assist the patient in carrying or pulling his or her supplemental oxygen. The patient should walk alone, not with other patients. Do not use a treadmill on which the patient adjusts the speed and/or the slope. Do not use an oval or circular track. An increase in the distance walked indicates improvement in basic mobility. Post training a difference of at least 45m should be observed for the 6 minutes' walk test to be sure that a "real" change in the patient's condition
Time frame: 6 weeks
30-second stand chair
For endurance, the sit-to-stand (STS) test measures the number of times a person can stand up from a chair in a given time (30 seconds, 1 minute, or 5 repetitions). The 30 Second Sit to Stand Test is also known as 30 Second Chair Stand Test (30CST), was initially designed for testing leg strength and endurance in adults. The score is the total number of stands within 30 seconds (more than halfway up at the end of 30 seconds counts as a full stand).The 30-second chair stand involves recording the number of stands a person can complete in 30 seconds rather then the amount of time it takes to complete a pre- determined number of repetitions.
Time frame: 6 Weeks
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