This study examines the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and bone metabolism markers-osteocalcin and N-terminal telopeptide (NTx)-in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontally healthy and periodontitis patients. A total of 120 male participants (60 healthy, 60 with periodontitis) aged 25-40 were included and categorized based on their serum vitamin D levels.
Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D, a key regulator of bone metabolism, may play a role in periodontal health by influencing bone turnover markers such as osteocalcin and N-terminal telopeptide (NTx). This study aims to investigate the effects of serum vitamin D levels on these bone metabolism markers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontally healthy and periodontitis patients. A total of 120 male participants aged 25-40 years were enrolled, comprising 60 periodontally healthy individuals and 60 patients diagnosed with periodontitis. Participants were further categorized into subgroups based on their serum vitamin D levels (0-10 ng/ml, 11-20 ng/ml, and 21-30 ng/ml). GCF samples were collected from maxillary premolar and molar sites and analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure osteocalcin and NTx concentrations.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
120
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University
Samsun, Atakum, Turkey (Türkiye)
Osteocalcin Concentration in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (ng/mL)
Osteocalcin concentration will be determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and expressed in ng/mL.
Time frame: At baseline (single time point)
N-Terminal Telopeptide Concentration in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (nmol/L)
NTx concentration will be measured using an ELISA and expressed in nmol/L.
Time frame: At baseline (single time point)
Total Osteocalcin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (ng/ml)
This measure assesses the total osteocalcin amount in gingival crevicular fluid. Absorbance values will be recorded using an ELISA reader, and total levels will be determined based on a standard curve.
Time frame: At baseline (single time point)
Total N-Terminal Telopeptide Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (nmol/L)
This measure quantifies the total amount of N-Terminal Telopeptide in gingival crevicular fluid. The total amount is determined using ELISA and calculated based on a standard curve.
Time frame: At baseline (single time point)
Corelation between serum vitamin D levels (ng/ml) and osteocalcin (ng/ml) and N-terminal telopeptide levels (nmol/L) in gingival crevicular fluid
This outcome measure evaluates the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and osteocalcin and N-terminal telopeptide levels in gingival crevicular fluid across different vitamin D ranges and periodontal health statuses. Serum vitamin D levels will be categorized into three groups: 0-10 ng/mL, 11-20 ng/mL, and 21-30 ng/mL. Participants will be classified as periodontally healthy or having periodontitis based on clinical periodontal assessments.
Time frame: At baseline (single time point)
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Periodontal clinical parameters (probing depth)
Probing depth of ≤3 mm was recorded as within the normal healthy range, while ≥5 mm was considered unhealthy
Time frame: At baseline (single time point)
Periodontal clinical parameters (bleeding on probing)
Bleeding on probing (BoP) \<10% was considered within the healthy range, while ≥10% was classified as unhealthy.
Time frame: At baseline (single time point)
Periodontal clinical parameters (clinical attachment level)
Clinical attachment level (CAL) was assessed based on probing depth (PD) and gingival recession, with measurements taken from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the base of the pocket. Radiographic bone loss was also evaluated to confirm attachment loss and periodontal status.
Time frame: At baseline (single time point)