Semaglutide Effects on Cardiovascular Outcomes in People With Overweight or Obesity in the Real World

Novo Nordisk A/S45,456 enrolled

Overview

This is a retrospective database study which includes administrative medical and pharmacy claims linked with clinical and laboratory measurements for patients in the US, to evaluate the effectiveness of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg in reducing the risk of CV and other obesity-related clinical outcomes.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

45,456

Conditions

Overweight Obesity Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD)

Interventions

No treatment givenOTHER

No treatment given

No treatment givenOTHER

No treatment given

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 45 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Participants with overweight or obesity defined as at least one overweight/obesity indication of a specified body mass index (BMI) above or equal to (≥) 27.0 kilogram per meter square (kg/m\^2) and undefined obesity/overweight indications, defined by diagnoses and laboratory values 2. Participants with established ASCVD defined as a diagnosis of MI, diagnosis of ischemic stroke, and/or evidence of peripheral arterial disease 3. Participants who are above or equal to (≥) 45 years old by the end of data availability 4. Participants who initiated semaglutide 2.4 mg on or after the eligibility date and June4, 2021 (semaglutide 2.4 mg users) or participants with no evidence of semaglutide 2.4 mg usage (non-users) during January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2023 5. Participant with continuous insurance enrolment eligibility above or equal to (≥)12 months prior to the index date 6. Participants with re-confirmed overweight/obesity indication during the baseline period Exclusion criteria: 1. Participants with a diagnosis of chronic or acute pancreatitis 2. Participants with a diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 or medullary thyroid carcinoma 3. Participants with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) including chronic or intermittent hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, kidney transplant, and/or record of estimate glomerular filtration rate less than (\<) 15 milliliter per minute per 1.73\*meter square (mL/min/1.73m\^2) 4. Pregnancy in female participants 5. Participants with evidence of diabetes including more or equal to (≥)2 diagnoses of type 1 diabetes or more or equal to ( ≥) 2 diagnoses of type 2 diabetes on distinct dates, use of a glucose-lowering agent, and/or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) laboratory result above or equal to 6.5 percent (%) 6. Use of a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) or GLP-1/gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor ago-nist approved for weight management (excluding semaglutide 2.4 mg) 7. Participants with evidence of bariatric surgery

Locations (1)

Novo Nordisk Investigational Site

Plainsboro, New Jersey, United States

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Revised 5-Point Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE-5) (time-to-event)

Measured as months Occurrence of any of the following individual component events: 1. Myocardial Infarction (MI) 2. Stroke 3. Hospitalization for Heart Failure (HF) 4. Coronary revascularization 5. All-cause mortality The event date will be the earliest occurrence of one of the individual components.

Time frame: Index date, earliest of revised MACE-5 and end of follow-up, up to 30 months

Revised 3-Point Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE-3) (time-to-event)

Measured as months Occurrence of any of the following individual component events: 1. MI 2. Stroke 3. All-cause mortality The event date will be the earliest occurrence of one of the individual components.

Time frame: Index date, earliest of revised MACE-3 and end of follow-up, up to 30 months

Secondary Outcomes

MI (time-to-event)

Measured as months Participants who were diagnosed of MI (identified using International Classification of Disease, 10th Edition, Clinical Modification \[ICD-10-CM\] diagnosis codes) observed during an inpatient (IP) visit. The event date will be admission date of the IP visit.

Time frame: Index date, earliest of MI and end of follow-up, up to 30 months

Stroke (time-to-event)

Measured as months Participants who were diagnosed of stroke, including both ischemic and hemorrhagic, (identified using ICD-10- CM diagnosis codes) which was observed during an IP visit. The event date will be the admission date of the IP visit.

Time frame: Index date, earliest of stroke and end of follow-up, up to 30 months

Hospitalization for HF (time-to-event)

Measured as months Participants who were diagnosed of HF (identified using ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes) observed during an IP visit. The event date will be the first observed admission date of the IP visit.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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CV-related mortality (time-to-event)

Measured as months Partcipants with any claim within ≤30 days before the date of death (i.e., the last day of the recorded month of death, where death is observed in the last month of follow-up) of the following operational definition to indicate a CV-related mortality (identified using ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes): (1) A primary diagnosis of MI (2) A primary diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (3) A primary diagnosis of HF (4) Evidence of peripheral arterial revascularization, coronary revascularization, CABG, PCI, or carotid intervention in any claim (identified using ICD-10-PCS, CPT, or HCPCS procedure codes). (5) A primary diagnosis of CV hemorrhage (excluding hemorrhagic stroke) (6) A primary diagnosis of other CV conditions including unstable angina, sudden cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, and other cerebrovascular and CV events. The event date will be the earliest of the end of follow-up (e.g., bariatric surgery within the month of death) or the date of death.

Time frame: Index date, earliest of MACE-3 and end of follow-up, up to 30 months