Effects of Buspirone Combined With Clozapine

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 18-65 years; * Meeting the diagnostic criteria for chronic schizophrenia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) * Current remission of psychotic symptoms. The patients had a relatively stable mental state in the past 4 weeks, with a total score of ≤60 points and a score of ≤4 points on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)\[15\], and there were no signs of acute psychotic symptoms. To ensure that patients were included in the chronic phase, only patients who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia for ≥1 year were recruited, thus avoiding confusion with acute phase cases; * Receiving monotherapy with antipsychotic drugs, such as clozapine. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnant or lactating women; * Patients allergic to buspirone; * Patients previously diagnosed with cognitive impairment, such as dementia or intellectual disability; * Patients with a history of other brain injuries or diseases, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy or intracranial infection; * Patients with severe liver or kidney insufficiency; * Patients with severe physical diseases or other mental illnesses, such as bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, alcohol or substance dependence; * Patients with a history of using drugs that affect cognitive function during the study period or those who need to adjust the existing treatment regimen; * Patients who are unable to cooperate with cognitive function tests or have poor treatment compliance.