Effect of Acupressure Applied Before CAG on Pain, Anxiety and Vital Signs

Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University93 enrolled

Overview

This randomized controlled experimental study aimed to determine the effects of acupressure applied before the procedure on pain, anxiety and vital signs in patients who applied to Kocaeli City Hospital Angiography Unit and were to undergo planned radial artery coronary angiography.

This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted at the Kocaeli City Hospital Angiography Unit to determine the effects of acupressure applied before coronary angiography on pain, anxiety and vital signs of the patients scheduled to undergo coronary angiography. It was conducted at the Kocaeli City Hospital Angiography Unit. The study used a stratified block randomization method and 93 patients who met the inclusion criteria were assigned to two different intervention groups, one of which received acupressure and the other a sham intervention before coronary angiography, and a control group receiving standard care. Data were collected using the 'Personal Information Form', 'State Anxiety Inventory (STAI)', 'Visual Analog Scale (VAS)' and 'Patient Follow-up Form'.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Acupressure Coronary Angiography and Intervention

Interventions

AcupressureOTHER

Acupressure will be applied to a total of three points: the 4th point of the Large Intestine Meridian (LI4-Hegu point) and the 6th point of the pericardial meridian (PC6- Nei Guan point), located three fingers above the wrist.

Sham acupressureOTHER

Sham acupressure will be applied to three points parallel to HT7, LI4 and PC6, approximately 1-1.5 cm away from the meridians.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion criteria for the study * Over 18 years of age, * Able to understand and speak Turkish, * Open to communication, * First time undergoing radial artery coronary angiography, * Elective patients undergoing planned (non-urgent) coronary angiography, * Patients who did not undergo stent/balloon intervention during angiography, * Awake and conscious during coronary intervention (not having taken sedatives (dormicum/fentanyl)) * No deformities or lesions in the areas where acupressure will be applied (hematoma, ecchymosis, etc.) * Having not taken sedatives or painkillers 5 hours before the angiography, * No experience with acupressure, * No history of attending training courses and yoga classes to control stress and anxiety in the last six months * No diagnosis of anxiety disorder and not receiving medical treatment * No diagnosis of depression and not receiving medical treatment * Flat on the back (patients without respiratory distress, etc.), * Hemodynamically stable (no chest pain or arrhythmia), * Patients who volunteer to participate in the study, Exclusion criteria for the study * Diagnosed with any psychiatric disease * Previously undergone coronary angiography from the radial or femoral artery * Chronic pain * Used opioid medication * CAG procedure to be performed from the femoral artery

Locations (1)

Kocaeli City Hospital

Kocaeli, İzmit, Turkey (Türkiye)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

State-Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI)

The State-Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI) is a scale developed by Spielberger et al. in 1970. The STAI determines how an individual feels at a certain moment and under a certain condition. The Turkish adaptation of the STAI was made by Öner and Le Compte in 1983 and the Cronbach alpha coefficient was reported as 0.94 (Öner and Le Compte, 1985). The STAI consists of 20 questions on a four-point Likert type. The statements in the STAI are evaluated as not at all 1 point, a little 2 points, a lot 3 points and completely 4 points. In this section, the statements are divided into direct and reversed. The scale score varies between 20-80 and an increase in the score obtained from the scale indicates an increase in the anxiety level. A score of 0-19 indicates no anxiety, a score of 20-39 indicates mild, a score of 40-59 indicates moderate and a score of 60-79 indicates severe anxiety. It is stated that those who score 60 points and above need professional help.

Time frame: Before acupressure application, 20 minutes after acupressure application (20 minutes after application in the sham acupressure group, 20 min. after the initial measurement in the control group), immediately after the CABG procedure, 2 and 4 hours later

Visual pain scale for pain assessment

The scale is a 10 cm vertical or horizontal line on which patients mark their pain, with no pain written on one end and unbearable pain on the other. The distance between where the patient marks their pain and the no pain range is measured and recorded. The scale consists of five parts. Each of the sections is in the range of 2 points. '0' points - no pain, '1-2 points, very mild pain', '3-4 points, mild pain', '5-6 points, moderate pain', '7-8 points, severe pain' means '9-10 points, excruciating pain'.

Secondary Outcomes

The blood pressure measurements

Blood pressure monitoring will be used to evaluate the effects of acupressure, sham and control groups on physiological signs of pain and anxiety. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements are performed by the researcher using the same manual sphygmomanometer instrument. Blood pressure is expressed in "mmHg".

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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