Interactive Musical Toy Reduces Pain and Fear During IV Cannulation in Preschool Children

Trakya University64 enrolled

Overview

This randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of using a musical toy (xylophone) as a distraction technique during peripheral intravenous cannulation on pain, fear, and parental satisfaction in hospitalized children aged 3 to 6 years. The study will be conducted in the Pediatric Health and Diseases Clinic of Trakya University in Edirne, Turkey. A total of 64 children will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Children in the intervention group will be encouraged to play with a xylophone, accompanied by a nurse, before and during the cannulation procedure. The control group will receive standard care without any distraction. Pain levels will be measured using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, fear will be assessed using the Children's Fear Scale, and parental satisfaction will be evaluated using the PedsQL Healthcare Satisfaction Scale. The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate whether the use of a musical toy during peripheral intravenous cannulation reduces procedural fear in preschool children. Secondary objectives are to determine whether the intervention reduces procedural pain and improves parental satisfaction with the healthcare experience This study is expected to contribute to the evidence base supporting the use of non-pharmacological methods in pediatric pain management and to promote child-friendly approaches in clinical settings.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Pain Management

Interventions

Musical Toy (Xylophone)BEHAVIORAL

Children in this group will play with a colorful xylophone toy for 5 minutes before and during peripheral intravenous cannulation. A nurse (researcher) will assist the child in playing with the toy to distract them from the procedure. The toy will be cleaned between uses. This non-pharmacological method aims to reduce pain and fear.

Standard Care (in control arm)OTHER

Children in this group will receive routine peripheral intravenous cannulation according to standard hospital protocols. No distraction or behavioral intervention will be applied.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 3 YearsMax age: 6 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Children aged between 3 and 6 years * Hospitalized and scheduled for peripheral intravenous cannulation * No hearing or mental disabilities * No chronic disease associated with pain * No analgesic use in the past 6 hours * One parent present during the procedure * Both child and parent voluntarily agree to participate * Intravenous cannulation to be performed in a single attempt * Parent/guardian is literate Exclusion Criteria: * Children with hearing impairment or mental disabilities * Use of analgesics within the last 6 hours * Presence of chronic pain conditions * Parental refusal to participate * Failed intravenous cannulation attempt * Illiterate parent/guardian * Any parental mental disability * Child or parent unwilling to participate

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

2. Fear Level

Fear levels will be assessed using the Children's Fear Scale (CFS), which ranges from 0 (no fear) to 4 (extreme fear).

Time frame: Before and within 5 minutes after the IV cannulation procedure

Secondary Outcomes

Pain Level

Children's pain levels will be measured using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, which ranges from 0 (no pain) to 5 (worst pain).

Time frame: During and within 5 minutes after the IV cannulation procedure

Parental Satisfaction

Parental satisfaction regarding their child's IV experience will be evaluated using the PedsQL Healthcare Satisfaction Scale. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction.

Time frame: Within 5-10 minutes after the procedure