The current study will be conducted to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of inclisiran relative to standard of care (SoC) in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), not only with the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) change in 1 year, but also the LDL-C Test on Target for 1 year. This study further aims to assess the adherence, treatment patterns and satisfaction, and safety of inclisiran among Chinese patients.
The study is a multicenter, randomized, parallel, open-label, pragmatic trial, to assess the effectiveness of inclisiran in the real-world compared to SoC, in patients with CHD in China who did not achieve LDL-C goal despite maximally tolerated statin therapy for ≥4weeks stable using. CHD patients include patients with acute coronary syndrome and patients with chronic coronary syndrome. After granting informed consent, being screened, and confirmed eligible for the study, participants will be randomized to 2 arms (inclisiran or SoC) in a 1:1 ratio. Following the randomization, participants start inclisiran or SoC adaptation (which means switching to or adding on another/other lipid-lowering therapies (LLT\[s\]). This start date is defined as Day 0. During follow-up, each participant will follow routine care, and the results of LDL-C tests will be collected for each Visit (every 3 months), with an allowable window of ±1.5 months. Each patient will be followed up until his/her end of study (EOS), which is the earliest of the end of follow-up period (Visit 4: approximately 12 months following Day 0), lost to follow-up, consent withdrawal, death, and participating in another interventional trial.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
1,590
After randomization, patients in the inclisiran group will receive inclisiran sodium injection
After randomization switching to or adding on another/other lipid-lowering therapies
Novartis Investigative Site
Anqing, Anhui, China
Novartis Investigative Site
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
The percentage change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level from baseline at 12 months, for the inclisiran group versus the standard of care (SoC) group
To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of inclisiran, on the change in LDL-C levels at Month 12, compared with SoC, in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)
Time frame: 12 months
The proportion of participants with the 1-year LDL-C Test on Target ≥75%, for the inclisiran group versus the SoC group
To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of inclisiran, on the LDL-C Test on Target at Month 12, compared with SoC, in Chinese patients with CHD
Time frame: 12 months
The percentage change in LDL-C level from baseline at 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months, for the inclisiran group versus the SoC group
To evaluate the effectiveness of inclisiran on the change in LDL-C levels at Month 3, Month 6, and Month 9, compared with SoC
Time frame: At Month 3, Month 6 and Month 9
The proportion of participants with LDL-C <1.8 mmol/L at 12 months, for the inclisiran group versus the SoC group
To evaluate the effectiveness of inclisiran on LDL-C at goal at Month 12
Time frame: 12 months
To describe LDL-C Test on Target value during the 12 months after baseline, for the inclisiran group and the SoC group.
To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of inclisiran, on LDL-C Test on Target at 1 year, compared with the SoC group.
Time frame: 12 months
The percentage change in levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, Lp(a), ApoA, and ApoB, from baseline at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months, for the inclisiran group versus the SoC group
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Novartis Investigative Site
Chongqing, Chongqing Municipality, China
Novartis Investigative Site
Longyan, Fujian, China
Novartis Investigative Site
Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
Novartis Investigative Site
Zhengzhou, Henan, China
Novartis Investigative Site
Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
Novartis Investigative Site
Shenyang, Liaoning, China
Novartis Investigative Site
Shenyang, Liaoning, China
Novartis Investigative Site
Jining, Shandong, China
...and 9 more locations
To evaluate the effectiveness of inclisiran on the change in other parameters of the lipid profile at Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, and Month 12, compared with SoC
Time frame: At Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, and Month 12
Area under the curve (AUC) of LDL-C level versus time (from 0 months to 12 months), for the inclisiran group versus the SoC group
To evaluate the accumulated LDL-C in the inclisiran group and the SoC group
Time frame: Baseline, 12 months
The proportion of participants with PDCinclisiran≥80% in the inclisiran group and the proportion of participants with PDCnon-statin≥80% in the SoC group, at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months
To estimate the adherence to inclisiran and other non-statin lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs), as measured by the proportion of days covered (PDC), using prescription data
Time frame: At Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, and Month 12
The average number of days covered, of inclisiran in the inclisiran group and of non-statin lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) in the SoC group, at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months
To estimate the adherence to inclisiran and other non-statin lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs), as measured by the proportion of days covered (PDC), using prescription data
Time frame: At Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, and Month 12
The average PDCinclisiran in the inclisiran group and the average PDCnon-statin in the SoC group, at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months
To estimate the adherence to inclisiran and other non-statin lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs), as measured by the proportion of days covered (PDC), using prescription data
Time frame: At Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, and Month 12
Age at randomization and age at first diagnosis of CHD
To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of the inclisiran group and the SoC group.
Time frame: 12 months
Sex
To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of the inclisiran group and the SoC group
Time frame: 12 months
Temperature
To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of the inclisiran group and the SoC group
Time frame: 12 months
Respiratory rate
To describe the vital signs characteristics of inclisiran group and the SoC group. It will be measured manually or with an electrocardiogram monitor.
Time frame: 12 months
Blood pressure
To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of the inclisiran group and the SoC group
Time frame: 12 months
Heart rate
To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of the inclisiran group and the SoC group
Time frame: 12 months
Previous lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs), through Adherence Assessment Questionnaire (AAQ)
The AAQ is a generic instrument for assessing non-adherence (NA) in chronic conditions, consists of 11 items in total. Ten of these items are phrased as statements and use a 4-point Likert scale, offering the response options: Strongly agree, Generally agree, Generally disagree, and Strongly disagree. Each item is scored from 1 to 4, with a higher score indicating a greater likelihood of non-adherence.
Time frame: 12 months
Previous lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs), through Adherence Barriers Questionnaire (ABQ)
The ABQ consists of 16 items, each addressing a specific adherence barrier. All items are formulated as statements. A 4-point Likert scale is used, deliberately omitting a neutral response option to encourage decisive answers. The available response options are: Strongly agree, Generally agree, Generally disagree, and Strongly disagree. Each response is assigned a value from 1 to 4 or 4 to 1, depending on the wording of the item, ensuring that a higher score reflects a stronger influence of a specific barrier on the patient's perception. The total score ranges from 16 (minimum) to 64 (maximum).Based on patient responses, both a general ABQ score and item- or subscale-specific scores can be calculated, indicating the number and strength of adherence barriers experienced by a patient.
Time frame: 12 months
Dose, frequency, and treatment duration of inclisiran in the inclisiran group and of other LLTs in the SoC group
To describe the treatment patterns of inclisiran and other LLTs
Time frame: 12 months
LDL-C variability in the inclisiran group by average successive variability (ASV), coefficient of variation (CV), and variation independent of mean (VIM)
To evaluate LDL-C variability in the inclisiran group
Time frame: 12 months
Subsequent LLTs for participants who discontinued/switched the assigned treatment
To describe the treatment patterns of inclisiran and other LLTs
Time frame: 12 months
Concomitant lipid lowering treatments
To describe the treatment patterns of inclisiran and other LLTs
Time frame: 12 months
Treatment satisfaction from Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM)
This scale includes four dimensions: drug treatment effectiveness, adverse reactions, convenience, and overall satisfaction. Whether the patient has experienced adverse drug reactions is scored using "yes" and "no"; The adverse reaction dimension is evaluated using a Likert-5 scale, with scores ranging from 1 to 5 indicating "extremely dissatisfied" to "not dissatisfied at all"; The effectiveness, convenience, and overall satisfaction are rated on a Likert-7 scale, with scores ranging from 1 to 7 indicating "extremely dissatisfied" and "extremely satisfied", respectively. The standard score for each dimension is 100 points, and the higher the score, the higher the patient's satisfaction with drug treatment.
Time frame: At Month 6 and Month 12
The average PDCinclisiran in the inclisiran group and the average PDCnon-statin in the SoC group, from patient questionnaire data, at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months
To assess treatment satisfaction and adherence by questionnaires
Time frame: At Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, and Month 12
Incidence of adverse events (AEs), serious adverse events (SAEs)
To evaluate the safety of Inclisiran
Time frame: 12 months
Number of participants with relevant medical history
To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of the inclisiran group and the SoC group
Time frame: 12 months