This project was aimed to examine the effects of a six-month VA exercise program incorporated the SPOZ technology in improving the disease dysfunction and functional fitness deterioration of older adults with dementia in adult daycare centers.
A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted to examine the effects of a six-month VA exercise program incorporated the SPOZ technology in improving the disease dysfunction, functional fitness deterioration (balance, lower muscle endurance, gait speed, handgrip strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscle endurance, agility, body flexibility), activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and sleep quality of older adults with dementia in adult daycare centers. Using convenience sampling, 10 adult daycare centers with 142 older adults were recruited, and then cluster-randomized by the daycare centers to an experimental or a control group. The experimental group received a 40-minute program 3 times a week for 6 months; the control group maintained their routine activities. The two groups were measured at three time points: before the intervention, and at three months and six months of the intervention.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
142
The VA-SPOZ exercise program had 3 phases and took 40 minutes to complete. The program was performed in a seated position, and the participants wore SPOZ devices on both hands to record and track the accuracy of the movements.
Participants maintained their routine activities.
Kaohsiung Medical University
Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Taiwan
Balance
measured by the Balance tests in SPPB
Time frame: 6 months
Lower muscle endurance
measured by the 5-time sit-to-stand in SPPB
Time frame: 6 months
Gait speed
measured by the 4-m walk in SPPB
Time frame: 6 months
Handgrip strength
measured by the Digital Handgrip Dynamometer (TKK-5101)
Time frame: 6 months
Cardiorespiratory endurance
measured by the 2-minute step test
Time frame: 6 months
Muscle endurance
measured by the SPOZ devices
Time frame: 6 months
Agility
measured by the SPOZ devices
Time frame: 6 months
Body flexibility
measured by the SPOZ devices
Time frame: 6 months
Activities of daily living (ADL)
measured by the Disability Assessment for Dementia (Categories 1-4). The scale has 47 questions measuring 11 types of activities; of which, 22 questions measuring 4 types of ADL. The scoring system (yes = 1, no = 0, and not applicable = N/A) can be divided into three parts: (1) initiation (7 items): measuring the ability to decide or to start an action; (2) planning and organization (8 items): measuring the ability to structure activities in an appropriate sequence and to be able to prepare relevant supplies or develop strategies before action; and (3) performance (7 items): measuring the ability to complete the entire activity. Divide the total score by the number of questions answered (excluding the number of questions that are not applicable), the score converts into a percentage. A higher percentage indicates less disability in daily activities.
Time frame: 6 months
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)
measured by the Disability Assessment for Dementia (Categories 5-10). The scale has 47 questions measuring 11 types of activities; of which, 22 questions measuring 6 types of IADL. The scoring system (yes = 1, no = 0, and not applicable = N/A) can be divided into three parts: (1) initiation (6 items): measuring the ability to decide or to start an action; (2) planning and organization (6 items): measuring the ability to structure activities in an appropriate sequence and to be able to prepare relevant supplies or develop strategies before action; and (3) performance (10 items): measuring the ability to complete the entire activity. Divide the total score by the number of questions answered (excluding the number of questions that are not applicable), the score converts into a percentage. A higher percentage indicates less disability in daily activities.
Time frame: 6 months
Sleep quality
measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (Item 11). The item 11 measures sleep/nighttime behaviors. The assessment consists of three parts: (1) to determine the presence or absence of symptoms, 0 = no, 1 = yes; (2) to determine the severity of the symptoms, rating between 1 and 3, and with higher scores indicate more severe symptoms; (3) to rate the degree of caregiver's distress caused by the client's symptoms on a scale of 0-5, and with higher scores indicating greater distress.
Time frame: 6 months
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