The Efficacy and Safety of Puerarin in Obesity Treatment

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Aged 18-60 years (inclusive), any gender. 2. Obesity (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m²). 3. With or without obesity-related metabolic comorbidities (e.g., type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia). 4. No prior use of weight-control, glucose-lowering, or lipid-modifying medications. 5. Stable weight (\<3% fluctuation) and lifestyle for ≥1 month prior to screening. 6. Fully informed of trial objectives, procedures, risks, and benefits; voluntarily signed informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Secondary causes of obesity (e.g., monogenic obesity, Cushing's syndrome, drug-induced obesity). 2. History of common nutrient allergies (e.g., gluten, milk, eggs, plant-derived proteins). 3. Use of weight-control medications (e.g., metformin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, orlistat), corticosteroids (oral/IV/IM/non-oral systemic/intra-articular), or metabolic-interfering drugs/supplements within 3 months prior to screening or during the trial. 4. Use of traditional Chinese medicines or herbal products for weight management within 3 months prior to screening or during the trial. 5. History of psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, antidepressant use, or ongoing antiepileptic therapy. 6. Pregnancy, lactation, or plans for pregnancy within 6 months post-trial. 7. Active infectious diseases (e.g., HBV, HCV, tuberculosis, syphilis, HIV). 8. Severe infections, severe anemia (Hb \<8 g/dL), or neutropenia (ANC \<1.5×10⁹/L). 9. Gastrointestinal surgery within 1 year (excluding appendectomy/hernia repair) or major non-GI surgery within 6 months. 10. Active substance/alcohol abuse. 11. Known hypersensitivity to trial drug components or history of severe drug allergies. 12. Severe cardiac disorders (e.g., congenital/rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy \[NYHA ≥III\], coronary stenting). 13. Hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. 14. History of malignancies (treated/untreated), regardless of recurrence status. 15. Hepatic/renal dysfunction: ALT/AST ≥2.5×ULN, serum creatinine \>ULN, or eGFR \<60 mL/min/1.73m² (MDRD formula). 16. Gastrointestinal disorders affecting absorption (e.g., IBD, active ulcers, severe diarrhea/constipation). 17. Participation in other clinical trials within 3 months prior to screening. 18. Any condition deemed unsuitable by investigators.