Cancer is a large group of diseases that occur due to abnormal cell proliferation in almost all organs of the body. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world after cardiovascular diseases. The fact that cancer is a preventable disease reveals the importance of cancer screenings. Cancer screening aims to detect it in the early stages when the chance of treatment is high. Screening programs for breast cancer, cervical cancer and colorectal cancer are recommended by WHO. In order for these screening programs to achieve their goals, people within the scope of screening must participate in screening. However, there are many factors involved in participating in these screening programs. Even though health professionals direct people to screening programs, at this point people's knowledge, attitude and shyness levels affect their participation in screening programs. The research is planned to be experimentally pre-test-post-test, and the data will be collected before and after the training to be given face-to-face and online by the researcher. The results obtained as a result of the study will be taken into consideration by midwives in terms of the effect of the education given on cancer screenings on women's knowledge, attitude and shyness levels.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
68
It will be carried out to examine the effect of the educational intervention given using the cancer screening training booklet on women's knowledge, attitude and shyness levels.
Inönü University
Malatya, Turkey (Türkiye)
Knowledge Scale for Cancer Screening
This scale, which consists of 25 items and 3 sub-dimensions, has no special names for its sub-dimensions. The scale; The items in the 1st sub-dimension are items 8, 17-23, 25, 28, totaling 10 items, The items in the 2nd sub-dimension are items 4, 5, 7, 10, 12,13, 15, 16, 27, totaling 9 items,The items in the 3rd sub-dimension are items 1-3, 9, 11, 24, totaling 6 items. This scale, which is answered in a range from 1 to 3 as ''1: True, 2: False, 3: I don't know'', is a three-point rating type. When calculating the scale score, the ''True'' answers are given 1 point, and the ''False'' and ''I don't know'' answers are given 0 points. The lowest possible score for this scale is 0, and the highest possible score is 25. Items 2, 11, and 24 of this scale, which has three negatively connoted items, should be reverse coded. The order of use of the items in the scale is not important and researchers can use them in a mixed order.
Time frame: first day encountered
Attitude Scale Towards Cancer Screening
The Attitude Scale Towards Cancer Screenings was developed by Yıldırım Öztürk and his colleagues in 2020, and its Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted. This scale, consisting of 24 items and a single dimension, is a five-point Likert-type scale. The items of the scale, which are answered in the range of 1 to 5, are as follows: 1: I completely disagree, 2: I somewhat disagree, 3: I neither agree nor disagree, 4: I somewhat agree, 5: I completely agree. This scale is suitable for evaluating individuals whose age range is 30-70, whose education level is at least literate, and who do not have cognitive, visual or orthopedic disabilities that would prevent them from answering the questions on the scale. There is no specific cut-off point for this scale, where the lowest score is 24 and the highest is 120.Scores close to 24 on the scale indicate that individuals have a negative attitude towards cancer screening.
Time frame: first day encountered
Shyness scale
This scale, which is a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 to 5, has 20 items that include expressions regarding feelings and behaviors that can be used to determine how shy individuals perceive themselves as. Individuals are asked to mark one of the following answers opposite the statements on the scale: "Not at all suitable for me," "Not suitable," "Undecided," or "Very suitable for me." As a result, the calculation is made by giving 1 (One) point to the item "Not at all suitable for me," 2 (Two) points to the item "Not suitable for me," 3 (Three) points to the item "Undecided," 4 (Four) points to the item "Suitable for me," and 5 (Five) points to the item "Very suitable for me." The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 20, while the highest score is 100. A high score on the scale indicates that the individual perceives himself as "shy."
Time frame: first day encountered
Attitude Scale Towards Cancer Screening
The Attitude Scale Towards Cancer Screenings was developed by Yıldırım Öztürk and his colleagues in 2020, and its Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted. This scale, consisting of 24 items and a single dimension, is a five-point Likert-type scale. The items of the scale, which are answered in the range of 1 to 5, are as follows: 1: I completely disagree, 2: I somewhat disagree, 3: I neither agree nor disagree, 4: I somewhat agree, 5: I completely agree. This scale is suitable for evaluating individuals whose age range is 30-70, whose education level is at least literate, and who do not have cognitive, visual or orthopedic disabilities that would prevent them from answering the questions on the scale. There is no specific cut-off point for this scale, where the lowest score is 24 and the highest is 120. Scores close to 24 on the scale indicate that individuals have a negative attitude towards cancer screening.
Time frame: up to 4th week after registration
Knowledge Scale for Cancer Screening
This scale, which consists of 25 items and 3 sub-dimensions, has no special names for its sub-dimensions. The scale; The items in the 1st sub-dimension are items 8, 17-23, 25, 28, totaling 10 items, The items in the 2nd sub-dimension are items 4, 5, 7, 10, 12,13, 15, 16, 27, totaling 9 items,The items in the 3rd sub-dimension are items 1-3, 9, 11, 24, totaling 6 items. This scale, which is answered in a range from 1 to 3 as ''1: True, 2: False, 3: I don't know'', is a three-point rating type. When calculating the scale score, the ''True'' answers are given 1 point, and the ''False'' and ''I don't know'' answers are given 0 points. The lowest possible score for this scale is 0, and the highest possible score is 25. Items 2, 11, and 24 of this scale, which has three negatively connoted items, should be reverse coded. The order of use of the items in the scale is not important and researchers can use them in a mixed order.
Time frame: up to 4th week after registration
Shyness scale
This scale, which is a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 to 5, has 20 items that include expressions regarding feelings and behaviors that can be used to determine how shy individuals perceive themselves as. Individuals are asked to mark one of the following answers opposite the statements on the scale: "Not at all suitable for me," "Not suitable," "Undecided," or "Very suitable for me." As a result, the calculation is made by giving 1 (One) point to the item "Not at all suitable for me," 2 (Two) points to the item "Not suitable for me," 3 (Three) points to the item "Undecided," 4 (Four) points to the item "Suitable for me," and 5 (Five) points to the item "Very suitable for me." The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 20, while the highest score is 100. A high score on the scale indicates that the individual perceives himself as "shy."
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Time frame: up to 4th week after registration