The NoseFlu-Kids project aims at characterizing the immune response in the upper respiratory tract in children aged 2 to 5 with a laboratory-confirmed influenza infection. The immune response during the acute phase of the infection and after recovery will be compared to that of control children with no infection or vaccinated with the inactivated flu vaccine by the nasal route (recruited as part of a mirror study in Oxford). The primary objective of this observational study is to quantify the inflammatory response in the nasal cavity and to correlate it with viral load and with clinical parameters. The study also aims to compare the inflammatory response measured in the nose to that measured in the blood. Participants will have two study visits including a blood draw, several nasal samplings (nasal lining fluid and nasal cells) and a saliva sampling, one within 72 hours of their hospital admission and another one month later. Nasal lining fluid and saliva will be obtained every two or three days until symptoms disappear. During those visits, questions regarding symptoms will be asked.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
40
Geneva University Hospitals
Geneva, Switzerland
RECRUITINGPro-inflammatory cytokine levels in nasal fluid by a multiplex assay
Time frame: 1 month
Phenotypes and frequencies of immune in nasal cavity and in blood cells by flow cytometry
Time frame: 1 month
Influenza-specific antibody titers in nasal fluid and blood by ELISA or multiplex assay
Time frame: 1 month
Influenza virus load by specific quantitative RT-PCR assay in nasal cavity and/or saliva
Time frame: 1 month
Levels of blood cytokines by multiplex assay
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 1: nature and severity of symptoms
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 2: number of days with fever
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 3: number of days with oxygen
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 4: highest FiO2
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 5: secondary bacterial infection
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 6: transfer to ICU or IMCU
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 7: length of stay in intensive care
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 8: intubation or mechanical ventilation
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 9: mortality
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 10: rehospitalization
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 11: medical consultation for a respiratory disease
Time frame: 1 month
Clinical outcome measure 12: new prescription of antibiotics or corticosteroids
Time frame: 1 month
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