The purpose of this study is to find the smallest amount of the 131 I-apamistamab needed for preparing patients with severe sickle cell disease (SCD) for a bone marrow transplant. This is the first time 131 I-apamistamab is being used for advanced Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) in the setting of allogeneic stem cell transplant. 131 I-apamistamab is an investigational product. This means that 131 I-apamistamab has not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for medical use in patients. The study treatment that is given before the transplant is called the conditioning regimen. In this study, the investigators are adding a drug called 131 I-apamistamab instead of the conditioning regimen typically given before a stem cell transplant.
The purpose of this study is to research the minimum effective dose (MED) of 131 I-apamistamab conditioning for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with advanced SCD. 131 Iapamistamab is an investigational product. This means that 131 I-apamistamab has not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for medical use in patients. The study treatment that is given before the transplant is called the conditioning regimen. In this study, investigators are adding 131 I-apamistamab instead of the conditioning regimen typically given before a stem cell transplant. The current standard of care conditioning for allogeneic stem cell transplant in SCD is a combination of chemotherapy, total body irradiation and an antibody called Campath. This study is being done to see if the stem cell transplant for SCD can still be effective by eliminating total body irradiation from the conditioning as it has potential long term side effects such as secondary cancers, infertility, early cataracts and lung toxicity. This is a single center, Phase I, dose finding study to estimate the MED of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with advanced sickle cell disease using 131I-apamistmab-based nonmyeloablative conditioning. The study will enroll 24 patients who are 12-50 years of age with sickle cell anemia (Hb SS, SC, or Sβ0 thalassemia) and have an available HLA-matched sibling donor.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
24
131I-apamistamab is a drug construct consisting of the apamistamab monoclonal antibody (mAb) and radioactive isotope iodine 131 (131I). The study drug will be patient-specific and will be manufactured for dosing on a specific date. The antibody dose will be at least 0.5mg/kg, however the final antibody amount may be higher if necessary based on the target radioactivity level. The 131I-apamistamab study drug requires patient details such as height, weight, a calculation to determine weight for use in calculating antibody amount for the dose. 131I-apamistmab will be given via intravenous (IV) infusion.
Sirolimus is a macrocyclic lactone produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. It is an immunosuppressant agent. Sirolimus is to be given orally either as tablet or solution form. Dosage will be adjusted to a therapeutic target of 10-15 ng/mL in first 6 months post-transplant and 5-10 ng/mL after 6 months.
Campath is a recombinant DNA-derived humanized monoclonal antibody that is directed against the 21-28 kD cell surface glycoprotein, CD52. CD52 is expressed on the surface of normal and malignant B and T lymphocytes, NK cells, monocytes, macrophages, and tissues of the male reproductive system. Campath will be given via IV at a total dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight.
Radiation dose is 3Gy (Gy is a radiation unit of measurement). Radiation source and dose rates will be according to institutional practice. Total Body Irradiation (TBI) may be delivered from either linear accelerator or Cobalt sources.
Patient will undergo a red blood cell (RBC) exchange transfusion to achieve a Hemoglobin S (HgbS) level \< 20% prior to starting therapy to prevent the development of a vaso-occlusive Crisis (VOC).
Dosimetric imaging will be performed using quantitative planar gamma camera acquisition. Planar gamma imaging is a technique used in medical imaging to take pictures of the inside of the body, particularly to look at how certain organs or tissues are functioning. This allows the study doctor to evaluate how the study drugs are absorbed into the body.
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
New York, New York, United States
RECRUITINGGraft failure rate
Graft failure defined as having had a primary or secondary graft failure by 42 days after blood stem cell (PB) transplantation. Primary graft failure is defined as failure to achieve an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of \>500/ μL by 42 days after blood stem cell (PB) transplantation or a total donor chimerism of \>5%. Secondary graft failure is defined as cytopenias after initial engraftment (ANC \<500/μL) and a total donor cell chimerism decreasing to less than 5%.
Time frame: 42 days after blood stem cell (PB) transplantation
Event-free survival (EFS) Rate
Event-free survival is defined as the time from treatment initiation to the occurrence of primary graft failure, death, Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) Grade III-IV, whichever comes first. Patients without events will be censored at the time of last follow-up assessment.
Time frame: Duration of study, up to 7 years
Time to engraftment of Neutrophils
Time to neutrophil engraftment is defined as the first of 3 measurements on consecutive days when the patient has an absolute neutrophil count of 500/μL after conditioning.
Time frame: Up to 7 years
Time to engraftment of Platelets
Time to platelet engraftment will be defined as the first day of a minimum of 3 measurements on different days that the patient has achieved a platelet count \> 50,000/μL AND did not receive a platelet transfusion in the previous 7 days. The exception is the case in which a subject is given a platelet transfusion specifically to achieve a platelet threshold to allow an elective invasive procedure, such as a central catheter removal. Time from treatment initiation to successful donor cell engraftment defined as having achieved \> 50% total PMC donor cell chimerism upon successful engraftment at day +30 or upon meeting ANC and Plt engraftment whatever occurs first.
Time frame: Up to 7 years
Incidence of Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) of any grade
Incidence of acute and chronic GVHD of any grade as evaluated according to the CIBMTR and NIH criteria respectively.
Time frame: Up to 7 years
Incidence of other transplant related toxicities
Incidence of other transplant related toxicities, including Veno-occlusive disease (VOD), Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS), Central nervous system (CNS) toxicity, or Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).
Time frame: 12 Months Post Stem Cell Transplant
Incidence of significant transplant-related infections
Significant infections will be recorded including but not limited to bacterial or fungal sepsis, CMV reactivation with/without clinical disease, adenovirus infection, EBV reactivation with or without PTLD, other significant viral reactivations or community-acquired viral infections and invasive mold infections.
Time frame: 12 Months Post Stem Cell Transplant
Number of participants with donor chimerism >5%
Chimerism is a measure of the engraftment of donor cells within the recipient and is expressed as the percentage ratio between the number of donor cells and recipient cells. Chimerism will be determined by Short Tandem Repeat analysis.
Time frame: 100 days post-transplant and 1 year post transplant by STR
Percentage of Participants who Achieve Immune Reconstitution
Peripheral blood quantitative assessment of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD16+/56+ lymphocytes will be assessed by flow cytometry. In addition, quantitative immunoglobulins will be measured for IgA, IgM and IgG. These will be performed at Day +60 (±10 days) as well as at 1 year (+/- 2 weeks) and after long term follow up at the discretion of the investigator. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe the percentage of patients who are able to achieve reconstitution of important lymphocyte subsets and B cell function at the defined timepoint above.
Time frame: 12 Months Post Stem Cell Transplant
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) titer
To assess the impact of the conditioning on fertility, FSH titers will be measured.
Time frame: At study inclusion and at 1 year post-transplant
Luteinizing hormone (LH) titer
To assess the impact of the conditioning on fertility, LH titers will be measured.
Time frame: At study inclusion and at 1 year post-transplant
Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) titer
To assess the impact of the conditioning on fertility, AMH titers will be measured
Time frame: At study inclusion and at 1 year post-transplant
Testosterone titer
To assess the impact of the conditioning on fertility, testosterone titers will be measured.
Time frame: At study inclusion and at 1 year post-transplant
Sperm titer
To assess the impact of the conditioning on fertility, sperm titers will be measured.
Time frame: At study inclusion and at 1 year post-transplant
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