Impact of SCFA Supplementation on Gut Microbiome Composition of Kidney Transplant Recipients

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years * Primary kidney transplantation (living or dead donor) Stable kidney transplant recipients (≥ 6 months post-transplantation) Stable graft function defined as eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m² with no significant change (\>15%) in the last 3 months No episodes of acute rejection within the last 6 months On stable immunosuppressive therapy for at least 3 months Ability to provide written informed consent Willingness and ability to provide stool, urine, and blood samples at specified time points Exclusion Criteria: * Use of antibiotics, probiotics, or prebiotics within 4 weeks prior to enrollment Active gastrointestinal disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease) Severe intestinal motility disorders or chronic diarrhea Advanced liver disease (Child-Pugh C) Active infection or systemic inflammatory disease requiring treatment Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c \> 9%) Known allergy or intolerance to SCFA or ingredients in the supplement Participation in another interventional clinical trial within the past 30 days Pregnancy or breastfeeding Hospitalization within 30 days prior to enrollment Any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, may compromise the safety of the participant or the integrity of the study data