In this study, it was aimed to investigate the acute effect of inspiratory muscle training of different intensities on intercostal muscle oxygenation in healthy individuals.
The functional activity of the respiratory system must be regular and efficient in order to meet the oxygen needs of tissues and organs. The mechanical function of the respiratory system is significantly related to the working capacity of the respiratory muscles. The diaphragm is the primary muscle that provides respiratory functions among the respiratory muscles.The external intercostal muscles help with the inspiration, while the internal intercostal muscles help with the expiration. The basis of inspiratory muscle training is to reduce dyspnea, increase inspiratory muscle function and exercise tolerance. Inspiratory muscle training provides an increase in muscle strength by increasing inspiratory muscle strength, reducing metaboreflex activity and increasing blood flow to the muscles. Training is thought to minimize the effects of activation of inspiratory muscle metaboreflex in both healthy individuals and patients with heart failure. In chronic respiratory patients, forced inspiration effort reduces capillary perfusion of the respiratory muscles, thus increasing the oxygen demand of the muscle. Muscle oxygen saturation shows the oxygen uptake and oxygen consumption of the muscle. It aims to investigate the mechanisms involved in the metaboreflex response to respiratory fatigue in inspiratory muscle training, which severity will acutely reduce it more.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
27
POWERbreathe Wellness (POWERbreathe International Ltd.., England, UK) device will be used for inspiratory muscle training.
POWERbreathe Wellness (POWERbreathe International Ltd.., England, UK) device will be used for inspiratory muscle training.
POWERbreathe Wellness (POWERbreathe International Ltd.., England, UK) device will be used for inspiratory muscle training.
Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Center, Cardiopulmonary Unit
Kırşehir, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGEvaluation of intercostal muscle oxygenation
Before the inspiratory muscle training sessions, the muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) of the intercostal muscles in recovery during and after the training session will be measured using a Moxy® monitor (Moxy, Fortiori Design LLC, Minnesota, USA).
Time frame: Second, Third and Fourth day
Evaluation of intercostal muscle total hemoglobin level
Before the inspiratory muscle training sessions, total hemoglobin level (THb) of the intercostal muscles in recovery during and after the training session will be measured using a Moxy® monitor (Moxy, Fortiori Design LLC, Minnesota, USA).
Time frame: Second, Third and Fourth day
Evaluation of respiratory muscle strength
An electronic mouth pressure device will be used to evaluate respiratory muscle strength. Patients will have maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure measured with a mouth pressure measuring device.
Time frame: First day
Evaluation of respiratory muscle endurance
The incremental threshold loading test will be used to evaluate respiratory muscle endurance. The PowerBreathe Wellness® (HaB International Ltd. Southam, UK) will be used in the incremental threshold loading test.
Time frame: First day
Evaluation of pulmonary function (Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1))
Measurement of FEV1 will be performed with spirometer according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society.
Time frame: First day
Evaluation pulmonary function (Forced vital capacity (FVC))
Measurement of FVC will be performed with spirometer according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society.
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Time frame: First day
Evaluation of pulmonary function (FEV1/FVC)
Measurement of FEV1/FVC will be performed with spirometer according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society.
Time frame: First day
Evaluation of pulmonary function (Flow rate 25-75% of forced expiratory volume (FEF 25-75%))
Measurement of FEF 25-75% will be performed with spirometer according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society.
Time frame: First day
Pulmonary function (Peak expiratory flow (PEF))
Measurement of PEF will be performed with spirometer according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society.
Time frame: First day
Evaluation of physical activity level
The physical activity level of individuals will be evaluated using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A score is obtained by multiplying the metabolic equivalent (MET) value by days and minutes. When calculating the walking score, the walking time will be multiplied by 3.3 METs; when calculating the moderate intensity activity score, it will be multiplied by 4 METs; when calculating the vigorous activity score, it will be multiplied by 8 METs. Physical activity levels will be classified as physically inactive (3000 MET-min/week).
Time frame: First day