Multimedia Education to Reduce Anxiety and Improve Care Awareness in Cataract Surgery Patients

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital118 enrolled

Overview

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of multimedia health education in reducing preoperative anxiety and enhancing self-care awareness among patients undergoing outpatient cataract surgery. A randomized group design will be employed, in which participants will receive either standard preoperative education or a multimedia-based intervention covering surgical procedures, precautions, and postoperative care. Primary outcomes include levels of surgical anxiety, assessed using validated anxiety scales, and self-care knowledge evaluated through structured questionnaires. Findings are expected to inform the development of patient-centered educational strategies and enhance perioperative care quality in cataract surgery settings.

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of multimedia health education in reducing preoperative anxiety and improving postoperative care awareness among patients undergoing outpatient cataract surgery. A total of 118 patients scheduled for cataract surgery at an ophthalmology outpatient clinic will be randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention group. All participants will receive standard verbal preoperative instructions from their physician. In addition, the intervention group will view a 10-minute multimedia video covering the surgical procedure, precautions, and postoperative care. Baseline data-including demographics, visual acuity, physiological anxiety indicators, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and a cataract-specific self-care knowledge questionnaire-will be collected during the final preoperative clinic visit. Outcome data will be collected at three time points: before surgery, one week after surgery, and one month after surgery. Primary outcomes include changes in anxiety levels and self-care knowledge; secondary outcomes include physiological responses during surgery and postoperative visual recovery. The results are expected to support the use of multimedia education to enhance patient preparedness and care quality in cataract surgery.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

Interventions

Multimedia Health EducationBEHAVIORAL

A 10-minute multimedia video is provided to the intervention group during their final preoperative clinic visit. All participants receive standard verbal and printed education from the ophthalmologist. The video includes visual and auditory content on cataract surgery, preoperative instructions, postoperative care, and common concerns. Baseline data (T0) are collected before the intervention, including demographics, visual acuity, physiological indicators, BAI, and self-care knowledge. Follow-ups occur at T1 (surgery day), T2 (1 week postop), and T3 (1 month postop), assessing anxiety, physiology, vision, and self-care.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 18 years or older * Diagnosed with cataract and scheduled for elective phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation (first-time surgery) * Able to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese * Blood glucose \<250 mg/dL and HbA1c \<8% if diabetic (assessed by attending physician) Exclusion Criteria: Diagnosed with dementia or psychiatric disorders * History of previous cataract surgery * Severe hearing impairment (certified disability without hearing aid) * Systolic blood pressure \>160 mmHg on the day of surgery * Preoperative visual acuity less than 0.05 * Undergoing combined ocular procedures (e.g., vitrectomy) during cataract surgery * Unable to use digital devices required for the intervention

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change in anxiety levels measured by the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)

Participants will complete the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), a 21-item self-report questionnaire used to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms. The total score ranges from 0 to 63, with higher scores indicating greater levels of anxiety. Specifically, scores from 0-7 suggest minimal anxiety, 8-15 mild anxiety, 16-25 moderate anxiety, and 26-63 severe anxiety. The BAI will be administered at baseline and at three follow-up points.

Time frame: Time Frame: Day 0 (baseline, preoperative clinic visit), Day of Surgery, 1 Week Postoperative, 1 Month Postoperative

Change in self-care knowledge related to cataract surgery

Participants will complete a structured questionnaire designed to evaluate their knowledge of postoperative cataract care. Scores will be compared across time points to determine the impact of multimedia education.

Time frame: Time Frame: Day 0 (baseline, preoperative clinic visit), Day of Surgery, 1 Week Postoperative, 1 Month Postoperative

Secondary Outcomes

Change in heart rate

Physiological indicators such as heart rate will be collected at designated time points to objectively assess anxiety responses.

Time frame: Time Frame: Day 0 (baseline, preoperative clinic visit), Day of Surgery

Change in visual acuity following cataract surgery

Visual acuity will be measured using a standard eye chart at follow-up to assess postoperative recovery.

Time frame: Time Frame: Day 0 (baseline, preoperative clinic visit), 1 Week Postoperative, 1 Month Postoperative

Change in blood pressure

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) will be recorded at baseline and on the day of surgery as objective physiological indicators of anxiety.

Time frame: Day 0 (baseline, preoperative clinic visit), Day of Surgery