The overall goal of this project is to examine the impact of music's meaning on pain. Relationships between trait affect, meaning in life, and subjective qualities of meaningful music will be assessed. We will also conduct interviews with a subset of participants to determine which aspects of music are most meaningful and how this meaning increases or decreases pain sensations.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
50
Participants will be asked to select different music clips based on meaning, enjoyment and preference.
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
RECRUITINGPain Unpleasantness
Participants will be asked to report pain unpleasantness on a 1 - 100 visual analogue scale ranging from 0 (no sensation) to 100 (intolerable pain)
Time frame: Baseline/Pre-intervention and During the Intervention
Pain Intensity
Participants will be asked to report pain intensity on a 1 - 100 visual analogue scale ranging from 0 (no sensation) to 100 (intolerable pain)
Time frame: Baseline/Pre-intervention and During the Intervention
The Multidimensional Meaning in Life Scale
The multidimensional meaning in life scale is a 16 item validated questionnaire that measures judgments about life's meaning including three subscales of coherence, purpose and mattering. Participants respond to each item using a 7-point Likert scale (1 = Very strongly disagree, 7 = Very strongly agree). A higher score indicates a stronger sense of that dimension of meaning in life.
Time frame: Baseline/Pre-intervention
The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-X (PANAS-X)
The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-X (PANAS-X) is a 60-item measure assessing perceived intensity of various emotions, which are aggregated to form positive and negative affect scales, and a series of subscales. Scores are calculated by summing the numerical values of a 5-point Likert type scale (1 = Very slightly or not at all, 5 = extremely) for each item. Higher scores indicate higher levels of the specific affect being measured.
Time frame: Baseline/Pre-Intervention
The Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities Scale
The Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities scale is a 9 item survey used to assess how participants typically approach activities in daily life. Participants rate each item on a 7-point Likert type scale (1 = not at all, 7 = very much) with higher scores indicating more hedonic or eudaimonic motives for activities.
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Time frame: Baseline/Pre-intervention
The Geneva Emotional Music Scale
Participants will be asked to rate their affective responses to each music clip on a 9-point Likert-type scale. Higher scores indicate a greater experience of each emotion measured.
Time frame: During the Intervention
Optional Micro-Phenomenological Interview
The objective of the interview is to gain in-depth data on participants' thoughts and feelings about what makes music meaningful to them and how such meaning relates to their experience of pain.
Time frame: Immediately After the Intervention