This study aims to evaluate the effects of different basketball training programs on adolescents with obesity. The objective is to assess how these programs influence body weight, physical fitness, motivation to exercise, and basketball skills. Three types of programs are being compared: * A specially adapted basketball program with pre-session instructional video lessons. * The same adapted program without video supplementation. * A regular basketball program without pedagogical modifications. Participants are adolescents aged 15 to 17 years with moderate obesity who will engage in one of the programs for seven weeks, with one training session per week. Body weight, physical fitness, motivation, and basketball skills will be measured before and after the intervention to determine which approach is most effective. The study aims to identify engaging and effective methods for promoting physical activity, health, and basketball skill development in adolescents with obesity.
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) includes three parallel intervention arms designed to evaluate the effects of different basketball teaching programs on adolescents with obesity. The intervention spans seven consecutive weeks and consists of one structured basketball session per week, each lasting 60 minutes and delivered during regular physical education (PE) classes. A total of 55 adolescents (33 females and 22 males), aged 15 to 17 years and classified as having moderate obesity (BMI: 30-34.9 kg/m²), were recruited from a secondary school in the Sidi Bouzid region of Tunisia. Participants were randomly assigned using a computer-generated sequence to one of the following groups: * ADAPT+VID Group (n = 19): An adapted basketball program enriched with pre-session instructional video summaries. * ADAPT Group (n = 18): The same adapted basketball program without video supplementation. * CONT Group (n = 18): A traditional basketball program without pedagogical modifications. Pre- (T0) and post-intervention (T1) assessments included: (i) anthropometric measurements (BMI), (ii) physical fitness tests, (iii) evaluations of technical basketball performance (passing, dribbling, shooting), and (iv) assessments of motivation. Motivation was assessed following the first and final sessions. Each session was structured into three phases: a standardized warm-up (15 minutes), a main instructional phase (40 minutes), and a cool-down period (5 minutes). The adapted program was tailored to the specific needs of adolescents with obesity by modifying drills, reducing competitiveness, and incorporating extended recovery and instructional periods. Pre-session videos in the ADAPT+VID group were uploaded to a private Facebook group 48 hours prior to each session and engagement was monitored. The study received approval from the appropriate institutional ethics committee and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians prior to enrollment.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
55
A 7-week basketball intervention for adolescents with obesity, combining pedagogically adapted activities with pre-session video instruction delivered via a private Facebook group.
A 7-week adapted basketball intervention including non-competitive, inclusive drills tailored to adolescents with obesity, without any video supplementation.
University of Sfax
Sfax, Tunisia
Change in Body Mass Index (BMI) in kg/m²
Body Mass Index (BMI) will be calculated using the formula: weight (kg) / height (m²). Weight will be measured using a calibrated digital scale and height using a wall-mounted stadiometer. BMI will be assessed at baseline and after 7 weeks to evaluate the effects of the basketball training intervention on body composition in adolescents with moderate obesity.
Time frame: From baseline (pre-intervention) to after 7 weeks of intervention
Change in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Assessed by Intermittent Fitness Test 15-15. -Unit of Measure: Meters (total distance covered)(Spartacus Test). -Unit of Measure: Meters (total distance covered)
Cardiorespiratory fitness will be assessed using the 15-15 intermittent fitness test (Spartacus Test), a shuttle run test designed for overweight and obese adolescents. The test involves 15-second running intervals alternated with 15-second passive recovery over a 40-meter distance, with progressive speed increases starting at 5 km/h and increasing by 0.5 km/h per stage. The test concludes when the participant fails to maintain pace for two consecutive intervals or stops due to fatigue. The total distance covered will be used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂peak). The Spartacus test is validated for this population and demonstrates high test-retest reliability (ICC \> 0.90).
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention)and after 7 weeks
Change in Situational Motivation (SIMS) Scores. - Unit of Measure: Units on the Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS), a 7-point Likert scale with minimum score 1 and maximum score 7.
Motivation was assessed using the Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS), a validated 16-item questionnaire evaluating four subdimensions: intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, external regulation, and amotivation. Each item is rated on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = "does not correspond at all" to 7 = "corresponds exactly"). The average score for each subscale was calculated by averaging the corresponding four items (e.g., intrinsic motivation: items 1, 5, 9, 13). Higher scores indicate greater intensity of the respective motivation type.
Time frame: Baseline (Session 1) and post-intervention (Session 7, 7 weeks after baseline)
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