Efficacy of Synbiotic Supplementation on IL-10, TGF-B and Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

Inclusion Criteria 1. All patients diagnosed with mild to moderate Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). 2. Patients aged over 18 years. 3. Willing to participate in the study by signing an informed consent form. 4. Have not consumed yogurt or supplements containing probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics within the last 2 weeks. Exclusion Criteria 1\. Severe SLE. 2, Pregnant or breastfeeding. 3. History of allergy to probiotics or prebiotics. 4. Patients with other immune-related disorders, whether autoimmune or immunocompromised conditions such as HIV or rheumatoid arthritis. 5\. SLE with pulmonary tuberculosis. 6. Currently undergoing antibiotic therapy. 7. SLE with malignancy. Drop-Out Criteria 1. Patients discontinue synbiotic intake for more than 2 weeks. 2. Death. 3. Occurrence of serious adverse drug reactions requiring discontinuation of the study drug. 4. Patients consume yogurt or supplements containing probiotics/synbiotics more than once per week outside of the study intervention, or undergo changes in steroid-sparing agents during the study period. 5. Patients require hospitalization due to symptom exacerbation during the intervention period. 6. Loss to follow-up.