Eczeva Supplementation and Skin Health

Overview

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition characterized by inflamed, itchy, and often dry skin. It commonly affects individuals of all ages, although it frequently begins during childhood. The causes of eczema are multifactorial, including genetic, immune, and environmental factors. Genetic mutations, such as those in the FLG gene responsible for producing filaggrin, a protein vital to skin barrier function, play a significant role (1). Immune system dysregulation, particularly an overactive response to environmental allergens, also contributes to eczema (2). Environmental triggers are diverse and include irritants like soaps, detergents, and disinfectants, as well as allergens such as pollen, pet dander, dust mites, mold, and certain foods (3-8). Climatic conditions, such as cold or dry air, and high humidity, can exacerbate symptoms, as can exposure to air pollution and chlorinated water in swimming pools (3-8). Specific skincare products containing allergens or irritants may worsen the condition. Other factors influencing eczema include infections (bacterial, viral, or fungal) (9), dietary triggers like dairy, nuts, eggs, and soy (10), and clothing choices, with materials like wool and synthetics or tight-fitting clothes aggravating symptoms through skin irritation and friction (11, 12). Individuals with certain habits or characteristics are at a higher risk of developing eczema. A family history of eczema, asthma, or hay fever significantly increases the likelihood of the condition, as it suggests a genetic predisposition (13). Emotional stress and anxiety are known to trigger or worsen eczema symptoms (14), as are hormonal changes during pregnancy or menstruation, which can cause flare-ups (15). People who sweat excessively may experience irritation and aggravation of eczema, as the moisture can exacerbate inflammation (16). Smoking or exposure to cigarette smoke is another contributing factor, known to both trigger and worsen eczema (17). Those working in professions with frequent exposure to irritants or allergens, such as healthcare or cleaning, are at higher risk due to contact with harsh chemicals (18). Additionally, excessive hand washing can strip the skin of its natural moisture, leading to irritation and exacerbating eczema symptoms (18). The main active ingredient in Eczeva is Melicope ptelefolia. Melicope ptelefolia, commonly known as Tenggek Burung, has been used for centuries in traditional herbal medicine to treat various skin conditions, including wounds, itches, and skin diseases (19). The plant is known for its high content of bioactive compounds, particularly 2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-geranyl acetophenone (tHGA) and 2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-prenyl acetophenone (tHPA). Among these, tHGA has shown significant potential due to its inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, suggesting its anti-inflammatory properties that may help in treating conditions like eczema (20). An in vitro study demonstrated that tHGA reduced inflammatory markers and enhanced the integrity of the skin barrier, both of which are crucial for managing inflammation-related conditions like eczema (21). Further research also indicated that tHGA could improve epithelial barrier function and reduce cell permeability in inflamed tissues, a key factor in treating eczema, which is characterized by an impaired skin barrier function (22). These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of Melicope ptelefolia in managing eczema through its anti-inflammatory and barrier-strengthening effects. Research on the efficacy of Melicope ptelefolia supplements in improving skin health in human is remain largely unexplored. This study aims to determine the mechanism and effects of Eczeva supplements on improving the skin health among users.