Health Belief Model Nursing for Moderate to Severe OSAHS Post-Surgery

The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University120 enrolled

Overview

This study aimed to investigate the long-term preventive and therapeutic effects of a health belief model (HBM)-based nursing intervention compared to routine care in patients with moderate to severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) after surgery. The study assessed impacts on sleep parameters (Apnea-Hypopnea Index, Oxygen Desaturation Index, sleep quality via PSQI), self-management abilities, quality of life, OSAHS recurrence rate, and patient satisfaction.

A total of 120 post-surgery patients with moderate to severe OSAHS were recruited and assigned to either a control group (n=60) receiving routine postoperative care or an observation group (n=60) receiving a health belief model-based nursing intervention in addition to routine care. Routine care included general postoperative education for OSAHS, dietary, and exercise guidance with monthly phone follow-ups. The HBM intervention, lasting one year, focused on perceived susceptibility (assessment, psychological intervention), perceived severity (education on risks), perceived benefits (weight/BP monitoring, dietary/exercise guidance, sleep posture aids, daily diary), and perceived barriers (frequent phone follow-ups, psychological support). Outcomes were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months post-surgery, including polysomnography, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), self-management ability questionnaires, quality of life questionnaires, OSAHS recurrence, and patient satisfaction surveys.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

120

Conditions

Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS)Postoperative Care

Interventions

Health Belief Model Nursing InterventionBEHAVIORAL

Participants received a one-year health belief model nursing intervention. This included: comprehensive assessment and psychological interventions (Perceived Susceptibility); education on OSAHS risks and consequences (Perceived Severity); weekly weight/blood pressure monitoring, dietary/exercise guidance, sleep posture correction aids, and a daily health diary (Perceived Benefits); and regular phone follow-ups (2-3 times/week for 0-8 weeks post-discharge, bi-weekly up to 1 year) for support and addressing difficulties (Perceived Barriers).

Routine CareBEHAVIORAL

Participants received routine postoperative care for OSAHS for one year, including general education, dietary and exercise guidance. Post-discharge monitoring was conducted via monthly phone calls.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 30 YearsMax age: 50 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged between 30 and 50 years old; * Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) \> 21 events per hour; * Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m²; * The obstructive plane of OSAHS was either at the soft palate level or associated with narrowing at the tongue base level; * Surgical treatments included uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) or UPPP combined with low-temperature plasma ablation of the tongue base/tongue body; * The patient had undergone surgical treatment for OSAHS; * The patient could comprehend the research details and voluntarily signed an informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: * Severe cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, liver disease, or dysfunction of other major organs; * Severe mental illness or cognitive dysfunction that would hinder understanding or adherence to research procedures; * Presence of other sleep disorders, such as central sleep apnea or insomnia; * Use of medications that could interfere with sleep patterns; * Pregnancy or lactation; * Patients unwilling to provide informed consent for the study.

Locations (1)

First Hospital of Hebei Medical University

Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)

Measured by Polysomnography (PSG). Lower values indicate better outcome.

Time frame: Baseline (immediately after operation) and 6 months post-intervention.

OSAHS Recurrence Rate

Calculated as the percentage of patients experiencing relapse (defined by AHI levels and symptom reappearance) within one year. Lower rates indicate better outcome.

Time frame: 6 months and 12 months post-operation.

Secondary Outcomes

Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI)

Measured by Polysomnography (PSG). Lower values indicate better outcome.

Time frame: Baseline (immediately after operation) and 6 months post-intervention.

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Score

Assessed using the PSQI questionnaire (19 questions, 7 components, total score 0-21). Lower scores indicate better sleep quality.

Time frame: Post-intervention (specific time point after 6 months or 1 year should be clarified, likely at 6 months and/or 1 year).

Self-Management Ability

Assessed by a questionnaire covering Knowledge Understanding, Adjustment of Daily Life, and Coping Strategies. Each dimension scored 0-10. Higher scores indicate better ability.

Time frame: Post-intervention (specific time point, likely at 6 months and/or 1 year).

Postoperative Quality of Life

Assessed by a self-designed questionnaire covering Sleep Quality, Daytime Function, Mental State, and Overall Satisfaction. Each category scored 0-10. Higher scores indicate better quality of life.

Time frame: Post-intervention (specific time point, likely at 6 months and/or 1 year).

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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