The purpose of this trial is to investigate the effect of acute ketone monoester ingestion (0.6 g KME/kg body weight) on the occurrence of the ventilatory threshold and the subsequent response of blood velocity in cerebral arteries during a maximal exercise test at low altitude and high altitude.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
14
0.6 g KME per kg body mass; \[R\]-3-hydroxybutyl \[R\]-3-hydroxybutyrate. (Delta G Ketone, TΔS, Oxford).
Inert, calorie-free placebo drink that is taste-matched to the ketone monoester supplement
Barcroft Research Station
Bishop, California, United States
RECRUITINGUniversity of Guelph
Guelph, Ontario, Canada
RECRUITINGCerebral Blood Velocity
Transcranial Doppler ultrasound will be used to measure blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery. Location of measurements will remain consistent within participants.
Time frame: 3 hours
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (L/min) will be measured using a non-invasive cardiac output monitor (Physioflow). The monitor uses signal morphology impedance cardiography to determine cardiac output.
Time frame: 3 hours
Blood Pressure
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) will be measured via a brachial cuff placed on the upper arm.
Time frame: 3 hours
Ventilatory Threshold
Ventilatory threshold (VT) will be calculated based on previously described methods (Gaskill et al., 2001).
Time frame: 3 hours
End-Tidal Gases
End-tidal oxygen (PETO2) (mmHg) and carbon dioxide (PETCO2) (mmHg) will be collected using a metabolic cart.
Time frame: 3 hours
Rate of Oxygen Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Production
Rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) (mL/min) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) (mL/min) will be collected using a metabolic cart.
Time frame: 3 hours
Ventilation
Ventilation (Ve) (L/min) will be collected using a metabolic cart.
Time frame: 3 hours
Blood Lactate and Beta-Hydroxybutyrate
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Capillary blood will be obtained via finger prick using a lancing device to measure concentrations of blood lactate (mmol/L) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (mmol/L) using a handheld metabolite analyzer.
Time frame: 3 hours
Peak Work Rate (Maximal Exercise Test)
The maximum wattage (W) achieved by the participant during the maximal exercise test will be recorded.
Time frame: 3 hours