Transperineal Micro-ultrasound for the Detection of Prostate Cancer During Biopsy

Overview

This clinical trial studies whether transperineal micro-ultrasound can be used to detect prostate cancer during biopsy. Transrectal ultrasound is often used during prostate biopsy. Transrectal ultrasound imaging is a procedure in which a probe that sends out high-energy sound waves is inserted into the rectum. The sound waves are bounced off internal tissues or organs and make echoes. The echoes form a picture of body tissue called a sonogram. Transrectal ultrasound is used to look for abnormalities in the rectum and nearby structures, including the prostate. The images are used to guide the prostate biopsy. Transperineal micro-ultrasound is completed by placing a probe over the skin between the scrotum and anus (perineum). It is a high-resolution ultrasound at 29 megahertz (MHz) (compared to traditional ultrasound at 6-9 MHz). This higher frequency allows for an improved spatial resolution. This improved spatial resolution is approximately the diameter of a prostatic duct, and therefore, may be able to visualize slight changes in the structure of prostatic ducts that are not possible with standard transrectal ultrasound. Transperineal micro-ultrasound may be more effective in detecting prostate cancer during biopsy.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To investigate the feasibility and validity of using transperineal micro-ultrasound to image the prostate and detect clinically significant prostate cancer. II. To test the quality of visualization of the prostate gland using micro-ultrasound via the transperineal approach. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: I. To compare micro-ultrasound images done via the transperineal method to micro-ultrasound images done via the transrectal method to see if transperineal ultrasound has similar ability to detect suspicious prostate lesions as transrectal micro-ultrasound. OUTLINE: Patients undergo transperineal micro-ultrasound imaging over 3 minutes followed by transrectal micro-ultrasound imaging during standard of care prostate biopsy. Patients also undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during screening.