People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) have an estimated 1.6-6.0 times increased risk of developing oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) compared with individuals in the general population. 70% of OPCs are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), and PLWH also have an increased prevalence of oral HPV infection. Disparities by race/ethnicity also include a later stage of diagnosis and less frequent cancer-directed treatment for members of ethnic minority groups. There is little known regarding the racial/ethnic differences in oral HPV infection, persistence of oral HPV infection, or progression of oral HPV infection to OPC among PLWH. This is an observational, prospective cohort study to investigate the feasibility of alternative sample collection methods for HPV testing among PLWH.
STUDY AIMS: 1. To determine if oral HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (HPV DNA) results obtained from self-collected oral rinse and gargle samples (ORG) sent by mail agree with results obtained from ORG samples collected in a clinic setting, among race/ethnically diverse sexual minority men (SMM) living with HIV (LWH). 2. To determine if oral HPV DNA results obtained from self-collected saliva samples applied to a Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) card sent by mail agree with results obtained from (1) ORG samples collected in a clinic setting, and (2) Home ORG, among race/ethnically diverse SMM-LWH. 3. To determine the feasibility, acceptability, and comfort of receiving HPV DNA sample collection kits by mail, self-collecting samples, and returning samples by FedEx, among racially/ethnically diverse SMM-LWH. OUTLINE: Participants will provide two saliva samples (at the same time), complete surveys, and complete a single clinic visit. Follow-up will be between 7 and 10 days post initial sample collection.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
135
Sent via United States Postal Service and returned via FedEx
Online surveys will be administered
University of California, San Francisco
San Francisco, California, United States
RECRUITINGPercentage of participants with positive oral human papillomavirus infection
The prevalence of oral high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection will be determined by the percentage of participants with a positive result for human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid (HPV DNA) after testing
Time frame: Up to 10 days
Agreement in the detection of oral HPV DNA between the oral rinse and gargle (ORG) and the clinic sample
The agreement in the detection of oral HPV DNA between the oral rinse and gargle (ORG) sample collected at home and the sample collected at the clinic will be measured using kappa. The Kappa Coefficient, often denoted as κ (kappa), is a statistical measure used to assess the level of agreement between two events providing a way to quantify the extent to which the observed agreement exceeds what would be expected by chance alone. The Kappa Coefficient ranges from -1 to 1, where 1 indicates perfect agreement, 0 indicates no agreement beyond chance, and negative values suggest less agreement than would be expected by random chance. Substantial agreement is considered kappa (κ) at least ≥0.61
Time frame: Up to 10 days
Agreement in the detection of oral HPV DNA between Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) sample collection card and both the ORG samples (Home and Clinic).
The agreement in the detection of oral HPV DNA between the sample collected and applied to an FTA sample collection card (FTA) and both the ORG samples (Home and Clinic). will be measured using kappa. The Kappa Coefficient, often denoted as κ (kappa), is a statistical measure used to assess the level of agreement between two events providing a way to quantify the extent to which the observed agreement exceeds what would be expected by chance alone. The Kappa Coefficient ranges from -1 to 1, where 1 indicates perfect agreement, 0 indicates no agreement beyond chance, and negative values suggest less agreement than would be expected by random chance. Substantial agreement is considered kappa (κ) at least ≥0.61
Time frame: Up to 10 days
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.