The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a self-care and self-efficacy-based hybrid education program implemented for individuals receiving hemodialysis treatment on their clinical findings, psychosocial status (dialysis distress), and comfort levels during the dialysis process. For this purpose, the most important questions to be answered in the study are as follows: * What are the clinical findings, psychosocial status (dialysis distress), and comfort levels of hemodialysis patients at the beginning of the study? * Does the self-care and self-efficacy-based hybrid education have an impact on the clinical findings, psychosocial status (dialysis distress), and comfort levels of hemodialysis patients? Participants: The intervention group will receive a structured hybrid education program based on self-care and self-efficacy. The control group will not receive any intervention during this period and will continue with routine nursing care (standard treatment).
The 78 hemodialysis patients included in the study will initially be administered a personal information form, a self-care/self-efficacy scale, a hemodialysis distress thermometer, and a hemodialysis comfort scale. The intervention group will then receive a structured hybrid training program focused on self-care and self-efficacy. The training will be conducted in two sessions, one day per week, over a total of two weeks. The training process is designed as a hybrid, incorporating both in-person and online sessions. The training will be supported by interactive sessions, practical demonstrations, guidance materials, and reminder/motivational messages sent via WhatsApp to improve individuals' self-care behaviors, psychological resilience, comfort levels, and clinical parameters. The control group will not receive any intervention during this period and will continue with routine nursing care (standard treatment). Both groups will be assessed twice, before the training and four weeks after the training, using the relevant data collection form.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
78
A structured hybrid training program based on self-care and self-efficacy will be implemented for the intervention group. The training will be conducted in two sessions, one day per week, over a total of two weeks.
The control group will not receive any different intervention and will continue the process with routine nursing care (standard treatment).
Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale
Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale, ranging from 1 (not at all confident) to 5 (completely confident). The total score, consisting of four subscales and 10 items, ranges from 10 to 50. Higher scores indicate higher self-care and self-efficacy levels during treatment.
Time frame: Change from before implementation and 4th week of practice
Haemodialysis Distress Thermometer Scale
The scale includes a thermometer image, rated from 0 to 10. The participant indicates the overall level of distress they have felt over the past week on this scale. 0 = No distress at all, 10 = Unbearable distress. In the Turkish validation study, scores of 5 and above are generally considered clinical distress.
Time frame: Change from before implementation and 4th week of practice
Hemodialysis Comfort Scale
The scale, consisting of two subscales, is rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = never, 5 = always). The total score from the scale ranges from 9 to 45. Higher scores indicate a higher level of comfort for the individual.
Time frame: Change from before implementation and 4th week of practice
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