Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive condition marked by airflow limitation and chronic inflammation, leading to reduced exercise capacity, peripheral muscle dysfunction, and dyspnea. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) may offer a promising alternative for patients with low exercise tolerance; however, evidence on its effectiveness remains limited. This study aims to compare the effects of HIIT and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) on muscle oxygenation, pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and peripheral muscle strength in individuals with COPD. Participants will undergo an 8-week exercise program, twice weekly. HIIT will consist of 1-minute intervals at 90% and 30-40% of peak workload, while MICT will involve continuous cycling at 65% of peak workload. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, week 4, and week 8. Data will be analyzed using SPSS. This study seeks to determine the more effective training modality to optimize COPD rehabilitation.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
40
Participants will perform a 31-minute protocol on a cycle ergometer consisting of 1-minute high-intensity intervals at 90% of peak workload (W peak) and low-intensity intervals at 30-40% of W peak, twice a week for 8 weeks.
Moderate intensity continous exercise
Peripheral and Respiratory Muscle Oxygenation
Muscle oxygenation will be measured using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy from the dominant quadriceps (peripheral) and 7th intercostal space (respiratory) during rest, warm-up, exercise, recovery phases, and 5 minutes post-exercise. Parameters include SmO₂\_basal, SmO₂\_max, SmO₂\_min, SmO₂\_maxrec, ∆SmO₂\_max, SmO₂\_deox, SmO₂\_reoxy, and ∆SmO₂\_maxrec.
Time frame: at the baseline, at the 4th week, at the end of the 8th week.
Pulmonary Function test
Pulmonary function will be evaluated using spirometry in accordance with ATS/ERS guidelines. the outcomes presented as liter/minute.
Time frame: at the baseline, at the 4th week, at the end of the 8th week.
Functional Exercise Capacity
Functional exercise capacity will be assessed using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) according to ATS guidelines.
Time frame: at the baseline, at the 4th week, at the end of the 8th week.
Dyspnea
Dyspnea will be assessed using the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale, a 5-point ordinal scale evaluating activity-induced breathlessness.
Time frame: at the baseline, at the 4th week, at the end of the 8th week.
Upper extremity Muscle Strength
Upper extremity will measure by hand dynomometer. The highest grip force will be recorded as kilograms.
Time frame: at the baseline, at the 4th week, at the end of the 8th week.
Activities of Daily Living
Activity limitation due to dyspnea will be assessed by the London Chest Activity of Daily Living Scale (LCADL). Total and subscale scores will be analyzed (range: 0-75).
Time frame: at the baseline, at the 4th week, at the end of the 8th week.
Health-Related Quality of Life
Quality of life will be evaluated using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Total and subscale scores (Symptoms, Activity, Impacts) will be recorded (range: 0-100).
Time frame: at the baseline, at the 4th week, at the end of the 8th week.
Comorbidities
Comorbidity burden will be assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)
Time frame: at the baseline, at the 4th week, at the end of the 8th week.
lower extremity endurance test
30 second chair stand test will use. The number of repetitions will be recorded.
Time frame: at baseline, at the 4th week and at the end of 8th week.
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