The aim of this research is to determine whether follow-up through telehealth consultations can enhance adherence to medication and increase knowledge about heart disease in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who have undergone coronary angioplasty. It can include individuals of any sex or gender, aged over 18, and with access to communication devices such as a cell phone, tablet, or internet-enabled computer. The main questions to be answered are: * Does follow-up of patients with CAD through telenursing consultations improve adherence to the proposed treatment? * Does the follow-up of patients with CAD, through telenursing consultations, improve knowledge about heart disease? The researchers will compare these patients with others who will be followed up as usual at the hospital to determine which group shows better adherence to drug treatment and greater knowledge about heart disease. The participants will have telenursing consultations at three intervals: one, three, and five months after the initial consultation. After six months from the first interview, both groups will be assessed. They will also be invited to participate in an activity to share their experiences and identify research priorities in the field, with the option to collaborate on future research.
In the face of the global digital transformation, the leadership role of nurses is essential for developing digital health skills and implementing innovative strategies. In the context of coronary artery disease (CAD), telenursing has emerged as a crucial care strategy for monitoring patients, managing risk factors, promoting self-care, and enhancing quality of life. The researchers will examine the prevalence of comorbidities and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the two study groups. They will also compare adherence to the proposed treatment and knowledge about CAD. Finally, they will draw up a protocol for telenursing consultations for patients with CAD undergoing coronary angioplasty. This protocol will be used at the institution.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
150
Telenursing consultations, which will be carried out via telephone calls, video calls, or messaging platforms, will be held between one, three, and five months after the first consultation. The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA-I), the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), and the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) taxonomies will be used to structure these consultations.
Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP
Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
CADE-Q SV score
The knowledge score regarding coronary artery disease (CAD) will be calculated using the Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire Short Version (CADE-Q SV). This consists of 20 questions divided into five categories: clinical condition, risk factors, exercise, nutrition, and psychosocial risk. One point is awarded for each correct answer, with a maximum score of 20 points. The questionnaire aims to identify areas of low knowledge.
Time frame: From the first appointment after coronary angioplasty until six months afterwards.
MTA score
Adherence to the proposed treatment will be calculated using the Measure of Treatment Adherence (MTA) instrument. This consists of seven questions, with answers obtained using a six-point Likert scale. Adherence to treatment is determined by adding the values of each answer and dividing by the total number of items. Patients with an arithmetic mean score between one and four are considered non-adherent. Those with a score between five and six are considered adherent.
Time frame: From the first appointment after coronary angioplasty until six months afterwards.
Blood pressure
Blood pressure measured in millimeters of mercury
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later.
Heart rate
Heart rate measured in beats per minute
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Respiratory rate
Respiratory rate measured in movements per minute
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Temperature
Temperature measured in degrees Celsius
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Capillary blood glucose
Capillary blood glucose measured in milligrams per deciliter
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Weight
Weight measured in kilograms
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Height
Height measured in meters
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Body Mass Index
Body mass index measured in kilograms per square meter
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Waist
Waist circumference measured in centimeters
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Hip
Hip circumference measured in centimeters
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
Waist-to-Hip Ratio
Waist-to-hip ratio calculated by dividing waist measurement by hip measurement
Time frame: At the first consultation after coronary angioplasty, and six months later
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